Critical and strategic raw materials

Listed here are the critical and strategic raw materials that are most closely associated with the energy transition. Critical raw materials generally have a high economic impact. They entail a high supply risk and are difficult to substitute.

Strategic raw materials are critical for our green and digital ambitions, and for sectors such as aerospace and defence. Copper, nickel and aluminium are classified as strategic, but not critical, as the supply risks are relatively limited, even though their importance to the energy transition is high.

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