Three-quarters of Dutch adults worry about impact of climate change

© ANP / Flip Franssen
Seventy-six percent of the population aged 18 or older are concerned about the impact of climate change on future generations. People are most concerned about increasingly common summer drought and flooding in the Netherlands due to climate change. At the same time, 58 percent of adults are anxious about the costs of Dutch government’s climate policies. Statistics Netherlands (CBS) reports this based on the Perceptions survey of 2023, which focused on climate change and energy transition.

Thirty-four percent of adults are very concerned about climate change for future generations (31 percent in 2020) and 41 percent are somewhat concerned about it. Women are more likely to be very concerned than men (38 versus 31 percent), and elderly people worry more often than younger people (43 percent of those aged 75 and over versus 30 percent of 18 to 24-year-olds).

Concerns about climate change impacts on future generations
 Very concerned (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Some concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Not so many concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)No concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)No response (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Do not believe in climate change or do not know (% people aged 18 yrs and over)
202334.441.313.23.70.86.6
202031.244.713.04.90.55.7

Most concerns about dry summers and floods

People are most worried about more dry summers (76 percent) and more flooding in the Netherlands (71 percent). Approximately 60 percent of adults are also concerned about the extinction of animal and plant species, more heavy rain and hailstorms, more hot summers and a diminishing living area due to rising sea levels.

Concern about climate change impact, 2023
Gevolgen klimaatveranderingMany concerns (% people age 18 yrs and over)Some concerns (% people age 18 yrs and over)Not so many concerns (% people age 18 yrs and over)No concerns (% people age 18 yrs and over)No opinion (% people age 18 yrs and over)No response (% people age 18 yrs and over)Do not believe in climate change or do not know (% people age 18 yrs and over)
Increased summer drought34.441.3123.90.90.76.6
More floods31.839.515.34.71.30.86.6
Extinction of animal and plant species33.933.716.16.820.96.6
More heavy rain and
hail storms
24.642.319.45.41.10.76.6
More hot summers20.840.921.88.210.86.6
Smaller living area due to
higher sea level
23.435.521.792.51.26.6

Less than half of adults say climate policy is ineffective

Forty-four percent of adults think the government's climate policy does not go far enough. A smaller share (23 percent) are satisfied with it. Most people, 55 percent, do not think the focus on climate change is excessive, while 22 percent think it is. Thirty-three percent of adults think that the Netherlands should only adopt strict climate policies if larger countries, such as China and the United States, do the same. A larger share, 45 percent, disagrees with that view.

Concerns about climate policy costs

A large majority of adults (82 percent) think it is important for the government to focus on climate policy. However, 58 percent are concerned about the cost this involves as well (50 percent by 2020). Especially men, people with at most a diploma up to prevocational secondary education (VMBO) or senior secondary vocational education (MBO) level 1, and people from households with lower affluence are disproportionately concerned about this.

Concern about climate policy costs by household wealth, 2023
WelvaartsgroepMany concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Some concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Not so many concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)No concerns (% people aged 18 yrs and over)No response (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Don't think climate policy will cost citizens much money (% people aged 18 yrs and over)Don't know if climate policy will cost citizens much money (% people aged 18 yrs and over)
1st quartile group (low welfare)28.128.37.91.10.87.626.2
2nd quartile group29.234.67.61.30.65.221.4
3rd quartile group22.338.111.21.70.46.419.9
4th quartile group18.437.714.52.80.36.919.5

Large enterprises, industry and aviation are not doing enough according to 3/4 of over-18s

For 73 percent of people, large enterprises, industry and aviation are not active enough in combating climate change. A total of 66 percent believe that countries outside the European Union are doing too little about this. Approximately half of them hold this view of the national government (51 percent), citizens (48 percent), and of the European Union (46 percent). Farmers are most often found to be contributing enough to combat climate change (38 percent), while 6 percent think farmers contribute too much.

Position on contribution to climate change response, 2023
Instantie of personenNot enough (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)Enough (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)Too much (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)No opinion (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)No response (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)Don't believe in climate change or don't know (% ppeople aged 18 yrs and over)
Large enterprises73.181.69.11.56.6
Aviation72.69.11.78.61.56.6
Countries outside
European Union
66.33.71.419.82.36.6
National government50.920.37.212.82.26.6
Citizens4827.72.413.51.76.6
European Union46.218.38.118.52.36.6
Municipality and province37.426.52.62526.6
Farmers34.837.9613.11.76.6

The publication 'Climate change and energy transition: views and behaviour of the Dutch population in 2023' focuses on what they think and do with regard to climate change and energy transition. Aside from climate change and the energy transition, this publication includes figures on several other themes, including sustainable housing, sustainable mobility, sustainable food, and climate-conscious lifestyles. It addresses the following questions:
• How many households have a heat pump or solar panels? How many of them intend to purchase these, and what do they see as bottlenecks?
• What do people think of measures such as the 100-kilometre speed limit on motorways?
• Have people reduced their air travel, and what about flight shame?
• Have people cut their meat intake, and what motivates them to do so or not?
• How environmentally friendly do people behave in their daily lives, and are they actually doing what they are saying?

The figures in this news release were mainly taken from the 2023 Perceptions survey, a CBS survey conducted in the period February-April 2023. A total of over 18 thousand people aged 18 or over participated in this survey. The survey was conducted in 2020 as well, allowing a picture of the extent to which views and behaviour on climate change, energy transition and sustainability have changed.