Young technicians four times as often male
In 2022, there were 609 thousand young people (aged 15 to 34 years inclusive) in the Netherlands with a completed technical education. The young technicians included almost four times as many men (484 thousand) than women (125 thousand). In 2022, 43 percent of working female tech graduates were working in technical occupations, versus 65 percent of male tech graduates.
| Geslacht | Technical occupation (%) | Non-technical occupation (%) | Occupation unknown (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women | 42.8 | 56.5 | 0.7 |
| Men | 64.6 | 34.8 | 0.6 |
Most common tech jobs: engineer and software developer
Both young men and young women in technical occupations are most likely to work as engineers or as software and application developers. However, relatively more young female technicians hold a degree from a university or university of applied sciences. As such, they are relatively more likely to work at occupational skill level 3 or 4. Aside from engineers, software and application developers and structural and nature engineers, they work as architects, biologists or natural scientists, for instance. Male technicians are more often found at occupational skill level 2, working for example as electricians, car mechanics or carpenters.
| beroep | werkende technici (% of technicians in technical occupations) |
|---|---|
| Engineers (excl. electrical) | 21.9 |
| Software and application developers | 17.0 |
| Civil and physical engineers | 14.1 |
| Architects | 14.0 |
| Biologists and natural scientists | 12.5 |
| Product inspectors | 2.5 |
| Furniture makers, tailors and upholsterers | 2.3 |
| Helpers in construction and manufacturing | 2.0 |
| Database and network specialists | 1.7 |
| Printing and arts and crafts staff | 1.6 |
| beroep | werkende technici (% of technicians in technical occupations) |
|---|---|
| Software and application developers | 22.1 |
| Engineers (excl. electrical) | 14.9 |
| Electricians and electrical engineers | 7.6 |
| Civil and physical engineers | 6.2 |
| Car mechanics | 5.3 |
| Carpenters | 4.6 |
| Database and network specialists | 4.2 |
| Biologists and natural scientists | 3.9 |
| Machine mechanics | 3.7 |
| ICT user support | 3.3 |
In 2022, technically educated women working in non-technical occupations were relatively often business manager or organisation consultant, higher education teacher or senior lecturer, graphic or product designer, or retail salesperson.
Gender gap in tech-oriented secondary education narrowing
The difference between young women and young men in choosing a technical education is already visible in secondary education. Male students are relatively more likely to graduate from senior general (HAVO) and pre-university (VWO) secondary education with a specialised technical component. This applied to over 12 thousand boys against slightly less than 10 thousand girls among the students who took their final examination in 2022. In 2012, the numbers were slightly under 14 thousand for boys and over 8 thousand for girls.
In recent years, the technical specialisation gap between girls and boys at HAVO and VWO level has narrowed over recent years. This is mostly due to the fact that boys have become proportionately less likely to choose the technical component. The share of VWO graduates with a technical specialisation was 6 percentage points lower in 2022 than in 2017. Among HAVO graduates, it was 9 percentage points lower. Male secondary graduates were increasingly often specialised in the economic component.
| Examenjaar | Boys, VWO (%) | Girls, VWO (%) | Boys, HAVO (%) | Girls, HAVO (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 50.4 | 33.6 | 28.9 | 10.4 |
| 2013 | 48.3 | 32.2 | 27.2 | 11.0 |
| 2014 | 48.3 | 32.6 | 27.8 | 12.3 |
| 2015 | 49.8 | 34.4 | 30.1 | 13.1 |
| 2016 | 50.9 | 35.6 | 30.5 | 14.5 |
| 2017 | 51.9 | 39.0 | 30.6 | 14.8 |
| 2018 | 51.5 | 38.6 | 28.7 | 14.6 |
| 2019 | 51.3 | 39.6 | 27.6 | 15.0 |
| 2020 | 48.2 | 38.9 | 25.4 | 13.8 |
| 2021 | 47.4 | 38.1 | 23.2 | 12.0 |
| 2022* | 45.6 | 37.0 | 21.8 | 11.4 |
Technology pact
Statistics Netherlands (CBS) has been commissioned by the Ministry of Economic Affairs to compile statistics on the labour participation of technology graduates. In 2013, a national technology pact was set up between educational institutions, employers, young graduates, top sectors, regional authorities and central government with the aim of improving the connection between education and the technical job market in order to tackle technical personnel shortages.
Related items
- Publication - National Youth Monitor