Children with single parent three times more likely to live in MDU

A child at home, playing on a laptop
© CBS
On 1 January 2021, more than a third of all minors in single-parent households were living in a multi-dwelling unit (MDU), for example an apartment, ground floor unit or upstairs unit. This share is three times larger than among children staying with both their parents. Forty percent of the approximately 3.2 million children living at home lived in a terraced house. In very highly urbanised municipalities, 42 percent of local minors lived in an MDU. Statistics Netherlands (CBS) reports this on the basis of a new survey as part of the National Youth Monitor.

Types of dwellings occupied by minor children, 1 January 2021
type huishoudenDetached dwelling (%)Semi-detached dwelling (%)Corner dwelling (%)Terraced dwelling (%)Multi-dwelling unit (%)
Living with unmarried couple16.612.716.940.113.7
Living with married couple18.412.817.040.311.5
Living in single-parent household4.15.114.441.235.1
Source: CBS, Kadaster

The majority of children up to age 18 lived with one or two parents in a terraced house, regardless of whether these parents were married, cohabiting or single. Especially in Amsterdam, many children lived in an MDU (75 percent). This was also the case in The Hague (59 percent), Rotterdam (56 percent) and Schiedam (50 percent). The share was much lower in Utrecht (27 percent). In the municipality of Rozendaal, none of the children living at home lived in an MDU. Relatively many children in non-urbanised municipalities lived in detached homes; only 3 percent lived in a multi-dwelling unit. The reverse is true for very highly urbanised municipalities.

Minors living at home in multi-dwelling units, 1 January 2021
gemeentenaamLiving at home in an MDU (%)
Groningen20.0
Almere14.1
Stadskanaal2.4
Veendam3.1
Zeewolde2.2
Achtkarspelen2.3
Ameland11.4
Harlingen3.5
Heerenveen4.2
Leeuwarden9.5
Ooststellingwerf0.9
Opsterland1.2
Schiermonnikoog18.3
Smallingerland3.3
Terschelling15.3
Vlieland18.8
Weststellingwerf1.4
Assen4.9
Coevorden2.6
Emmen2.7
Hoogeveen5
Meppel5.4
Almelo5.6
Borne2.0
Dalfsen4.0
Deventer10.4
Enschede8.3
Haaksbergen4
Hardenberg3.1
Hellendoorn2.5
Hengelo8.4
Kampen4.6
Losser5.9
Noordoostpolder1.6
Oldenzaal3.2
Ommen3.8
Raalte3.7
Staphorst12.3
Tubbergen14.8
Urk1.3
Wierden4.5
Zwolle8.9
Aalten6.5
Apeldoorn8.8
Arnhem17.8
Barneveld5.9
Beuningen2.7
Brummen3.1
Buren3.3
Culemborg6
Doesburg5.2
Doetinchem6.2
Druten3.3
Duiven2.1
Ede11.1
Elburg5.8
Epe6.6
Ermelo4.1
Harderwijk9.3
Hattem2.4
Heerde4.9
Heumen3.8
Lochem5.7
Maasdriel2.7
Nijkerk4.4
Nijmegen11.6
Oldebroek7.3
Putten2.8
Renkum8.2
Rheden5.4
Rozendaal0
Scherpenzeel3.5
Tiel8.8
Voorst6.4
Wageningen18.2
Westervoort3.4
Winterswijk9.1
Wijchen4.1
Zaltbommel2.2
Zevenaar3.9
Zutphen9.5
Nunspeet5.2
Dronten1.2
Amersfoort14.2
Baarn9.1
De Bilt13.2
Bunnik2.5
Bunschoten4.2
Eemnes2.5
Houten6.6
Leusden3.8
Lopik5.2
Montfoort3.4
Renswoude3.4
Rhenen6.3
Soest16.2
Utrecht27.2
Veenendaal14.5
Woudenberg2.8
Wijk bij Duurstede6.6
IJsselstein15.5
Zeist19.4
Nieuwegein18
Aalsmeer4.3
Alkmaar14.8
Amstelveen25.4
Amsterdam74.5
Beemster2.5
Bergen (NH.)8.8
Beverwijk20.0
Blaricum2.6
Bloemendaal6.7
Castricum3.8
Diemen32.3
Edam-Volendam1.7
Enkhuizen5.9
Haarlem25.4
Haarlemmermeer8.3
Heemskerk12.3
Heemstede6.7
Heerhugowaard4.5
Heiloo4.5
Den Helder7.4
Hilversum14.6
Hoorn8.8
Huizen8.5
Landsmeer4.6
Langedijk3.3
Laren3.1
Medemblik2.7
Oostzaan6
Opmeer3.9
Ouder-Amstel20.5
Purmerend15.2
Schagen3.6
Texel8.4
Uitgeest5.2
Uithoorn12.9
Velsen17.9
Weesp23.4
Zandvoort28.1
Zaanstad24.8
Alblasserdam8.4
Alphen aan den Rijn13.5
Barendrecht4.5
Drechterland2.2
Brielle4.8
Capelle aan den IJssel37
Delft41.3
Dordrecht20.8
Gorinchem16.8
Gouda16.3
's-Gravenhage59
Hardinxveld-Giessendam4.7
Hellevoetsluis11.9
Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht6
Stede Broec1.1
Hillegom10.9
Katwijk18.3
Krimpen aan den IJssel8.1
Leiden29.4
Leiderdorp15.0
Lisse8.0
Maassluis26.7
Nieuwkoop3.0
Noordwijk10.2
Oegstgeest9.2
Oudewater2.6
Papendrecht10
Ridderkerk18.2
Rotterdam55.6
Rijswijk44.6
Schiedam50.0
Sliedrecht12.7
Albrandswaard3.8
Westvoorne3.2
Vlaardingen38.3
Voorschoten13.1
Waddinxveen12.2
Wassenaar8.5
Woerden7.5
Zoetermeer21.6
Zoeterwoude9.3
Zwijndrecht20.5
Borsele0.9
Goes3.3
West Maas en Waal5.4
Hulst1.7
Kapelle0.8
Middelburg6.9
Reimerswaal2.4
Terneuzen2.5
Tholen1.4
Veere4.1
Vlissingen7
De Ronde Venen5.7
Tytsjerksteradiel1.1
Asten1.7
Baarle-Nassau4.4
Bergen op Zoom9.8
Best4.0
Boekel3.3
Boxmeer3.1
Boxtel7.5
Breda9.6
Deurne2.5
Pekela1.9
Dongen2.2
Eersel7.5
Eindhoven8.9
Etten-Leur2.5
Geertruidenberg2.8
Gilze en Rijen3.9
Goirle1.8
Grave3.8
Helmond6.5
's-Hertogenbosch8.9
Heusden1.9
Hilvarenbeek1.8
Loon op Zand2.2
Mill en Sint Hubert3.2
Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten2.1
Oirschot5.7
Oisterwijk2.7
Oosterhout4.5
Oss5.5
Rucphen2.5
Sint-Michielsgestel1.9
Someren2.4
Son en Breugel1
Steenbergen2.6
Waterland5.4
Tilburg10.2
Uden5.4
Valkenswaard4.5
Veldhoven4
Vught2.4
Waalre2.4
Waalwijk5.7
Woensdrecht1.7
Zundert2.7
Wormerland8.7
Landgraaf6.4
Beek11.2
Beesel2.0
Bergen (L.)2.4
Brunssum6.9
Gennep2.6
Heerlen8.9
Kerkrade12.5
Maastricht11.1
Meerssen4.1
Mook en Middelaar3.3
Nederweert1.5
Roermond7
Simpelveld6.6
Stein3.8
Vaals14.6
Venlo9.7
Venray4.2
Voerendaal3.2
Weert7.4
Valkenburg aan de Geul7.5
Lelystad5.4
Horst aan de Maas2.5
Oude IJsselstreek4.4
Teylingen5.8
Utrechtse Heuvelrug7.1
Oost Gelre4.4
Koggenland4.4
Lansingerland3.7
Leudal3.8
Maasgouw3.4
Gemert-Bakel3
Halderberge3.3
Heeze-Leende1.8
Laarbeek3.0
Reusel-De Mierden2.4
Roerdalen3.0
Roosendaal5.5
Schouwen-Duiveland1.2
Aa en Hunze1.4
Borger-Odoorn1.5
Cuijk4.0
Landerd3.9
De Wolden5.8
Noord-Beveland1.6
Wijdemeren5.6
Noordenveld3.3
Twenterand4.7
Westerveld3.3
Sint Anthonis2.4
Lingewaard2.9
Cranendonck2.8
Steenwijkerland2.8
Moerdijk1.6
Echt-Susteren3.6
Sluis2.1
Drimmelen2.1
Bernheze2.4
Alphen-Chaam3
Bergeijk5.9
Bladel4.5
Gulpen-Wittem5.4
Tynaarlo1.8
Midden-Drenthe2.2
Overbetuwe2.6
Hof van Twente3.5
Neder-Betuwe2.4
Rijssen-Holten4.2
Geldrop-Mierlo5
Olst-Wijhe3.3
Dinkelland5.6
Westland7.6
Midden-Delfland5
Berkelland8.6
Bronckhorst8.8
Sittard-Geleen11.2
Kaag en Braassem3.1
Dantumadiel1.4
Zuidplas6.9
Peel en Maas3.9
Oldambt2.9
Zwartewaterland1.8
Súdwest-Fryslân3.9
Bodegraven-Reeuwijk4.3
Eijsden-Margraten5.2
Stichtse Vecht7.3
Hollands Kroon2.6
Leidschendam-Voorburg37.8
Goeree-Overflakkee2.3
Pijnacker-Nootdorp8.9
Nissewaard16.6
Krimpenerwaard4.1
De Fryske Marren1.5
Gooise Meren7.0
Berg en Dal4.6
Meierijstad3.1
Waadhoeke1.2
Westerwolde2.4
Midden-Groningen5.4
Beekdaelen6.2
Montferland7.6
Altena1.8
West Betuwe2.3
Vijfheerenlanden7.4
Hoeksche Waard3.2
Het Hogeland1.2
Westerkwartier0.7
Noardeast-Fryslân2.4
Molenlanden3.7
Eemsdelta3.4
Source: CBS, Kadaster

Nearly three quarters live in owner-occupied dwellings

At the beginning of 2021, 72 percent of all minors living at home were staying in an owner-occupied dwelling; 21 percent were staying in a rented dwelling owned by a housing corporation while 7 percent were living in a dwelling rented from another type of landlord. Of the children living with both parents, 80 percent lived in an owner-occupied dwelling. This was around 30 percent among children in single-parent households; around 70 percent of such children lived in rented dwellings, mostly owned by a housing corporation.

Type of ownership of dwellings with minors living at home, 1 January 2021
type huishoudenOwner-occupied (%)Rented dwelling, housing corporation (%)Rented dwelling, other landlord (%)
Living with unmarried couple77.615.76.7
Living with married couple81.114.14.8
Living in single-parent household30.955.913.2

Children of single parents often in smaller homes

Almost half of minors living at home lived in a dwelling with a surface area of between 100 and 150 square metres. The median or average surface area was 122 square metres. Children in single-parent families relatively often lived in smaller homes: approximately half were living on less than 100 m2, against 19 percent of children living with a (married or cohabiting) couple.

Surface area of dwellings with minors living at home, 1 January 2021
gezinLess than 50 m2 (%)50 to 75 m2 (%)75 to 100 m2 (%)100 to 150 m2 (%)150 to 250 m2 (%)250 m2 or more (%)
Total
(median area: 122 m2)
0.65.917.647.723.25.0
Minor living with unmarried couple
(median area: 125 m2)
0.55.015.648.925.05.0
Minor living with married couple
(median area: 128 m2)
0.33.713.849.227.05.9
Minor living in single-parent household
(median area: 99 m2)
1.515.134.240.86.91.5

Children of single parents have relatively more living space

On average, a minor child living at home has access to 31 square metres of usable area, determined by dividing the surface area by the number of people living there. Children living with married parents have the least space (median 30 m2), followed by children living with unmarried cohabiting parents (median 31 m2). Children in single-parent households have the most space per person, at a median value of 33 m2. This is because only one parent lives there, on average with fewer children.
The figures in this news release were obtained from the ‘Woonbase’. CBS has developed this housing survey based on integral data sources, in collaboration with the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. For this news release, minors were selected who were living in properties with a residential function that were part of the national dwelling stock and had an area greater than or equal to 14 m2 but less than or equal to 2,700 m2 as at 1 January 2021.