Proximity to facilities; distances by car, sub-municipal data 2021
Explanation of symbols
Table explanation
This table contains information about the average distances for residents of the Netherlands from their home address to the nearest facilities (e.g. school, GP or library). The table also includes information about the number of facilities located within a certain distance from the residential address. These data are calculated as an average over all persons in the area.
The data is available per municipality at district and neighbourhood level, as of 1 January.
Data available for 2021
Changes per October 2024
Data on the proximity of jobs were added.
When will new figures be released?
For the near future, no new figures are expected for this table.
Status of the figures:
The figures in this table are final.
Description topics
- Regional designation
- The municipalities in the Netherlands are subdivided into districts and neighbourhoods. Neighbourhoods make up the lowest regional level. Districts are summations of one or more contiguous neighbourhoods. The municipality itself determines the division into districts and neighbourhoods. Statistics Netherlands coordinates this classification nationally.
District:
Part of a municipality in which a certain form of land use or construction predominates. For example: industrial area, residential area with high-rise or low-rise buildings. A district consists of one or more neighbourhoods.
Neighbourhood:
Part of a municipality that is homogeneously demarcated from a development point of view or socio-economic structure. Homogeneous means that one function is dominant, for example residential function (residential area), work function (industrial area) or recreational function (nature area). However, functions can also be mixed.- Municipality name
- The name of the administrative municipality. This name follows the official spelling.
- Region type
- The selected region designation concerns: Municipality, District or Neighbourhood.
- Encoding
- Municipal code has 4 digits, preceded by 'GM'.
District code has 6 digits: municipality code (4) + district code (2), preceded by 'WK'.
Neighbourhood code has 8 digits: municipality code (4) + neighbourhood code (2) + neighbourhood code (2), preceded by 'BU'.
- Change in district or neighbourhood
- This indicator indicates for each district and neighbourhood whether the figures from this table can be easily linked to and compared with the figures from the previous year, or whether there are changes in the District and Neighbourhood classification that make this impossible. Detailed information about changes in the District and Neighbourhood classification can be obtained by comparing the district and neighbourhood maps of two consecutive years.
The indicator has three possible values:
1: The coding and demarcation of this district/neighbourhood is unchanged compared to the previous year. It is possible that a name change has taken place. The figures can be linked and compared with those of the previous year.
2: The coding of the district/neighbourhood has changed compared to the previous year. The demarcation is unchanged. In order to be able to link with figures from the previous year, the coding for the previous year needs to be found first. Once the link is successful, the figures can be compared.
3: The demarcation of the district/neighbourhood has changed compared to the previous year. This may have been accompanied by a change in coding. The figures cannot simply be compared with those of the previous year. Differences can, after all, be related to changes in the demarcation of the district or neighbourhood.
For a district or neighbourhood, a change in the demarcation is only detected when a boundary has been moved approximately 5 meters or more. Smaller boundary changes are not considered significant.
- Health and well-being
- General Practitioner's practice
- Building or space in which one or more general practitioners work (together).
General practitioner:
The general practitioner is responsible for general medical care. He/she provides personal and continuous care to a fixed practice population.- Distance to GP practice
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest general practitioner, calculated by road.
As of the reporting year 2020, Statistics Netherlands receives the population of GP practices in a different form than before: the secondary addresses of GP practices are no longer part of the population. Due to this change in the source files, the results from reporting year 2020 are no longer comparable with those of previous years. An analysis for the reporting year 2019 into the effect of omitting the secondary addresses shows that the distance to the nearest general practitioner practice increases by 0.1 km on a national level. At neighbourhood level, the distance can be up to 7 km longer in certain regions.
- Number of GP practices
- The average number of GP practices within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Distance to GP post
- GP post
Place where general practitioners from the region provide evening, night and weekend shifts. A number of GP posts work with alternating shifts.
The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest GP post, calculated by road.
The distance from a residential address to one of the GP posts in a cluster of alternating shifts is the average of the distances to all GP posts within that cluster.
- Distance to pharmacy
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest pharmacy, calculated by road.
Pharmacy, including GP office with an in-house pharmacy.
- Hospital (incl. outpatient clinics)
- Hospital (including outpatient clinics).
Hospital:
Institution for research, treatment and nursing of the sick.
In a hospital, patients can be admitted for more than 24 hours and major operations can be performed.
Outpatient clinic:
Locations of a hospital where patients who are not bedridden, are treated or monitored. Patients are not admitted for more than 24 hours and no major surgeries are performed.- Distance to hospital
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest hospital, calculated by road.
- Number of hospitals
- The average number of hospitals within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Hospital (excl. outpatient clinics)
- Hospital (excluding outpatient clinics).
Hospital:
Institution for research, treatment and nursing of the sick.
In a hospital, patients can be admitted for more than 24 hours and major operations can be performed.
Outpatient clinic:
Location of a hospital where patients who are not bedridden are treated or monitored. Patients are not admitted for more than 24 hours and no major surgeries are performed.- Distance to hospital
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest hospital, calculated by road.
- Number of hospitals
- The average number of hospitals within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Distance to youth health centre
- Institution within youth health care where basic medical care and prevention is provided for all children from 0 to 4 years.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest youth health centre, calculated by road.
From reporting year 2007 no new figures are available for this facility.
- Physiotherapist
- Distance to physiotherapist
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest physiotherapist practice, calculated by road.
From reporting year 2013 no new figures are available for this facility.
- Number of physiotherapists
- The average number of physiotherapist practices within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
From reporting year 2013 no new figures are available for this facility.- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Retail
- Grocery stores
- Distance to large supermarket
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest large supermarket, calculated by road.
Large supermarket:
Shop with several types of daily items and a minimum surface area of 150 m2.
- Number of large supermarkets
- The average number of large supermarkets within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Distance to shop for other daily food
- Greengrocer, bakery, pie shop, tropical shop, chocolate shop, coffee/tea shop, delicatessen, cheese shop, mini supermarket, nut shop, poulterer, health food shop, butcher's shop, liquor store, tobacconist, fishmonger, confectionery shop, night shop, wine shop and hospital shop.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest other shops for daily groceries, calculated by road.
- Number of shops for other daily food
- The average number of other shops for daily groceries within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Department store
- Distance to department store
- Stores employing 50 or more people and meeting the following criteria:
- the products sold belong to eight or more branches, with each branch having a turnover share of more than 5 percent;
- no class has a turnover share of 50 percent or more;
- foodstuffs and tobacco have a turnover share of less than 50 percent.
The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest department store, calculated by road.
- Number of department stores
- The average number of department stores within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Hospitality
- Cafes etc.
- Café, coffee house, coffee shop, disco, sex/nightclub and party centre.
- Distance to cafe etc.
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest cafe etc., calculated by road.
- Number of cafes etc.
- The average number of cafes etc. within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Cafeterias etc.
- Fast food restaurant, grill room/shawarma shop, lunchroom, pancake house and ice cream parlour.
- Distance to cafeteria etc.
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest cafeteria etc., calculated by road.
- Number of cafeterias etc.
- The average number of cafeterias etc. within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Restaurants
- Restaurant, cafe-restaurant and takeaway/home delivery.
- Distance to restaurant
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest restaurant, calculated by road.
- Number of restaurants
- The average number of restaurants within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Hotels etc.
- Hotels, hostels and hotel-restaurants.
- Distance to hotel etc.
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest hotel etc., calculated by road.
- Number of hotels etc.
- The average number of hotels etc., within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 5km
- Within 20 km
- Childcare
- Daycare centres
- Place where children from 0 to 4 years old are cared for during one or more half-days a week throughout the year. The daycare centre can be used for more than 5 hours per day and for a maximum of 10 half-days per week.
- Distance to daycare centres
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest daycare centre, calculated by road.
- Number of daycare centres
- The average number of daycare centres within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Out-of-school care
- Place where primary school-aged children are cared for before and/or after school, during study and compensation days of the teacher and during the holidays.
- Distance to out-of-school care
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest out-of-school care, calculated by road.
- Number of out-of-school care
- The average number of out-of-school care locations within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Education
- Primary education
- Primary education only includes primary schools as known to the Education Executive Agency (DUO). Special primary education and special schools are not included.
A new method is in use for the figures on education with effect from the reporting year 2018: in the current method, files from the Education Executive Agency (DUO) are used for schools in regular primary education. As a result, the figures from 2018 may differ slightly from previous years.
The figures are for January of the relevant school year.- Distance to school
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest school, calculated by road.
- Number of schools
- The average number of schools within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 1 km
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Secondary education
- Schools where students can follow government-funded full-time secondary education. Practical schools and special schools are not included.
Since secondary schools can be a combination of vmbo (preparatory secondary vocational education), havo (senior general secondary school)/vwo (pre-university education) and vmbo/ havo/vwo schools, the figures for vmbo and havo/vwo do not add up to the total figures for Secondary Education.
The figures are for January of the relevant school year.
From reporting year 2018, a new method is in use for the figures on education: in the current method, files from the Education Executive Agency (DUO) are used to determine the type of school in secondary education. As a result, the figures from 2018 may differ slightly from previous years.
- Secondary education total
- Distance to school
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest school, calculated by road.
- Number of schools
- The average number of schools within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Vmbo
- Preparatory secondary vocational education.
Preparatory secondary vocational education (vmbo) schools where pupils can follow government-funded full-time secondary education.
The figures are for January of the relevant school year.- Distance to school
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest school, calculated by road.
- Number of schools
- The average number of schools within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Havo/vwo
- General secondary education (havo).
Pre-university education (vwo).
Havo/vwo schools where pupils can follow government-funded full-time secondary education.
The figures are for January of the relevant school year.- Distance to school
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest school, calculated by road.
- Number of schools
- The average number of schools within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 3 km
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Employment: number of jobs
- A job is an explicit or implicit employment contract between a person and an economic unit that stipulates that work will be performed for which there is a (financial) reward.
The average number of jobs within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.- A-U all economic activities
- All economic activities
This category is a combination of categories:
A Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
B Extraction of minerals
C Industry
D Production, distribution and trade of electricity, natural gas, steam and cooled air
E Water extraction and distribution; waste and wastewater management and remediation
F Construction
G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of cars
H Transport and storage
I Lodging, meal and beverage provision
J Information and communication
K Financial institutions
L Real estate rental and trade
M Consulting, research and other specialist business services
N Rental of movable property and other business services
O Public administration, government services and compulsory social insurance
P Education
Q Health and welfare care
R Culture, sport and recreation
S Other services
T Households as employers; undifferentiated production of goods and services by households for own use
U Extraterritorial organizations and bodies
As of the reporting year 2017, a new source file has been used, in which the industry is not known for all jobs. These jobs with industry unknown do count in the figures for A-U all economic activities. As a result, the figures for A-U all economic activities do not correspond to the sum of the figures for categories A Agriculture, forestry and fisheries, B-F Industry and energy, G-N Commercial services and O-U Non-commercial services.- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- A Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
- Agriculture, forestry and fishing
This section includes:
- exploitation of natural plant and animal resources:
including arable farming, livestock breeding and the production of other plants and animals on an agricultural holding or in the natural habitat;
including forestry, timber cultivation and hunting;
including specific wage services related to the production process agriculture, hunting and forestry are also classified in this section;
including fishing: catching or breeding fish, crustaceans and molluscs.- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- B-F Industry and energy
- Industry and energy
This category is a combination of categories:
B Extraction of minerals
C Industry
D Production, distribution and trade of electricity, natural gas, steam and cooled air
E Water extraction and distribution; waste and wastewater management and remediation
F Construction- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- G-N Commercial services
- Commercial service
This category is a combination of categories:
G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of cars
H Transport and storage
I Lodging, meal and beverage provision
J Information and communication
K Financial institutions
L Real estate rental and trade
M Consulting, research and other specialist business services
N Rental of movable property and other business services- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- O-U Non-commercial services
- Non-commercial services
This category is a combination of categories:
O Public administration, government services and compulsory social insurance
P Education
Q Health and welfare care
R Culture, sport and recreation
S Other services
T Households as employers; undifferentiated production of goods and services by households for own use
U Extraterritorial organizations and bodies- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- Green spaces
- The entrances to the green areas are established at the intersections between the roads and paths of the Top10NL (topographic map, both the line file and the road section file) in the green area and the outer boundary of the green area. For green areas without paths or roads (usually the smaller green areas and public gardens), the focus of the greenery has been taken.
From reporting year 2017, the method for calculating the proximity of green has changed: among other things, only greenery with a minimum surface area of 1 hectare is now included. On average, this method change makes virtually no difference for the whole of the Netherlands: compared to 2015, the distance to greenery has increased by 0.1 km on average. But at a local level (particularly on the Wadden Islands) the differences can sometimes amount to several tens of kilometres.
Proximity to green spaces is derived from the Land Use statistics. The most recent edition of this statistic is reporting year 2017. The next edition is 2020, for which the definitive version will be released at the end of 2024. This means that proximity to green spaces will be published during 2025.- Public green
- Terrain used as a park or park, for daytime recreation, nature or as a forest. The site can be privately or publicly accessible. The site is at least 1 hectare in size.
From reporting year 2017, the method for calculating the proximity of green has changed: among other things, only greenery with a minimum surface area of 1 hectare is now included. On average, this method change makes virtually no difference for the whole of the Netherlands: compared to 2015, the distance to greenery has increased by 0.1 km on average. But at a local level (particularly on the Wadden Islands) the differences can sometimes amount to several tens of kilometres.
Proximity to green spaces is derived from the Land Use statistics. The most recent edition of this statistic is reporting year 2017. The next edition is 2020, which will be released at the end of 2023. This means that proximity to green spaces will be published during 2024. From reporting year 2020 onwards, the Land Use statistics will be published annually and so will the proximity to green spaces.- Distance to public green total
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest public green space, calculated by road.
- Distance to park or public garden
- Area used for relaxation such as sunbathing areas, shrub plantations and wooded parts of parks and large green areas.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest park or public garden, calculated by road.
- Distance to recreational terrain
- Terrain used for daytime recreation such as zoos, marinas, petting zoos, open-air museums, picnic areas and playing fields (other than parks or public gardens) and amusement parks.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest recreational area, calculated by road.
- Distance to forest
- Terrain overgrown with trees intended for wood production and/or nature conservation.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest forest, calculated by road.
- Distance to open natural terrain
- Terrain used as open nature, such as heathland, dunes, sand drifts, beaches, reeds and rushes, salt marshes, dried up grounds and blue grassland.
- Distance to open nat. terrain total
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest open natural area, calculated by road.
- Distance to open dry natural terrain
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest open dry natural area, calculated by road.
Open dry natural terrain:
Terrain with a dry surface in use as nature, such as dry heath, dunes, sand drifts and beach.
- Distance to open wet natural terrain
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest open wet natural area, calculated by road.
Open wet natural terrain:
Terrain with a wet surface in use as nature, such as wet heath, reed and rushes, salt marshes, dry land without vegetation and blue grassland.
- Semi-public green
- Site used as a sports field, allotment garden, for residential recreation or as a cemetery. The site can be privately or publicly accessible.
- Distance to semi-public green total
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest semi-public green space, calculated by road.
- Distance to sports area
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest sports field, calculated by road.
Sports area:
Area used for sports activities, such as sports field, sports hall, swimming pool, artificial ice rink, motocross track and forest in the sports area, including associated parking spaces and grandstands. The site has a size of at least 0.5 hectare.
- Distance to allotment garden
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest allotment, calculated by road.
Allotment garden:
Terrain for non-commercial ornamental and vegetable cultivation. The site has a size of at least 0.1 hectare.
- Distance to recreational area
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest recreational area, calculated by road.
Recreational area:
Terrain used for a recreational stay of several days, such as camping, bungalow parks, youth hostels and associated parking spaces. The site has a size of at least 1 hectare.
- Distance to cemetery
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest cemetery, calculated by road.
Cemetery:
Site used for burial and cremation, including associated parking lots and parks. The site has a size of at least 0.1 hectare.
- Distance to recreational inland waters
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest recreational inland waterway, calculated by road.
Recreational inland water:
Inland waterways used for recreation, such as recreational lakes, water in parks and public gardens, golf courses, marinas and rowing courses. The site has a size of at least 1 hectare. Only for marinas there is a lower limit of 0.5 hectares for the water part.
- Traffic and transport
- Distance to main road entrance
- Access to a state or provincial road.
The National Road Database (a product of the Traffic and Transport Advisory Service of the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment) was used as the basis for the road entrances.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest entrance to a national or provincial road, calculated over the road.
- Train stations
- Distance to train station (all types)
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest train station, calculated by road.
- Distance to important transfer station
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest major transfer station, calculated by road.
Train stations of a large size or with important transfer options.
- Leisure and culture
- Distance to library
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest library, calculated by road. This includes libraries branches and service points. The mini-service points, self-service libraries and the library buses are not included.
A library branch meets the following criteria: open for at least 15 hours a week, digital access to the entire collection and range of activities, demand mediation, cultural/literary activities, offer for students/institutions in line with the choices made in the distribution and marketing policy and study opportunities.
A library service point offers at least the following service level: is open for at least 4 hours a week, offers digital access to the entire range of activities and provides intermediary services (both in person and via the internet).
- Sports
- Locations are included if they meet the following criteria: a building is present, the activities are commercially set up, it is open to the public all year round for at least three days a week.
- Distance to swimming pool
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest swimming pool, calculated by road.
- Distance to artificial ice skating rink
- Artificial ice skating rink, which is accessible during the winter season.
The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest artificial ice skating rink, calculated by road.
- Museum
- A museum is a permanent institution at the service of society and its development, open to the public, not aimed at making a profit, which acquires, preserves, scientifically researches, presents and informs about the material testimonies of man and his environment for purposes of study, education and pleasure.
From 2015 onwards, new (stricter) criteria are applied to museums. These criteria are:
- The museum has a permanent location, is open permanently and is freely accessible at least 28 weeks a year and three days a week.
- The museum is not for profit, or is an institution or foundation for public benefit (ANBI).
- The museum has its own collection and conducts research into the collection in order to disseminate knowledge about it.
- The museum has a website or can be accessed via referral on a larger platform.
Please take this trend break into account when interpreting the data, especially when comparing various years before and after 2015.
The locations of the museums in 2006 are not available at Statistics Netherlands. That’s why the museums from 2005 have been used as the best approximation for the distances to museums in 2006.
As of the reporting year 2013, all museums in a partnership have been included (provided they meet the above criteria). In the years prior to 2013, only one museum per partnership was included in the population. As a result, the populations from 2013 onwards have increased by a few dozen more museums.- Distance to museum
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest museum, calculated by road.
- Number of museums
- The average number of museums within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Performing arts (excl. festivals)
- Art forms performed by professional actors and actresses for a live audience. The professional performing arts take place at locations such as theatres and concert halls, but also in neighbourhood centres and on music venues. Locations with arts as a collateral activity be included in the figures. Festivals aren’t included in this variable.
As of the reporting year 2014, all performing arts venues within an organization are included (provided they meet the above criteria). In the years before 2014, only one performing arts location per organization was included in the population. The populations before 2014 therefore have slightly fewer locations.- Distance to performing arts
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest performing arts venue, calculated by road.
- Number of performing arts
- The average number of performing arts venues within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Distance to pop music venue
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest pop music venue, calculated by road.
- Cinema
- Distance to cinema
- The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest cinema, calculated by road.
‘Regular’ theatres and community centres etc. that play movies, are only counted as cinemas, if playing movies takes place for the majority of the opening times.
- Number of cinemas
- The average number of cinemas within a fixed distance by road for all inhabitants of an area.
- Within 5 km
- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Recreation
- Distance to sauna
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest sauna, calculated by road.
- Distance to tanning salon
- The average distance of all inhabitants in an area to the nearest tanning salon, calculated by road.
- Distance to attraction
- Amusement park, zoo and indoor playground.
The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest attraction, calculated by road.
- Number of attractions
- The average number of attractions within a fixed distance by road for all residents of an area.
Amusement park, zoo and indoor playground.- Within 10 km
- Within 20 km
- Within 50 km
- Distance to fire station
- Fire station, excluding locations of fire boats.
The average distance of all residents in an area to the nearest fire station, calculated by road.