Energy balance sheet; supply, transformation and consumption
| Energy commodities | Periods | Energy supply Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) (PJ) | Energy supply Indigenous production (PJ) | Energy supply Imports (PJ) | Energy supply Exports (PJ) | Energy supply Net imports (PJ) | Energy supply Bunkers (PJ) | Energy supply Stock change (PJ) | Statistical differences (PJ) | Total energy consumption (PJ) | Energy transformation Net energy transformation Total net energy transformation (PJ) | Energy transformation Net energy transformation Net electricity/CHP transformation (PJ) | Energy transformation Net energy transformation Net other transformation (PJ) | Own use Total (PJ) | Distribution losses (PJ) | Final consumption Total final consumption (PJ) | Final consumption Final energy consumption Total (PJ) | Final consumption Final energy consumption Industry (excluding the energy sector) Total (PJ) | Final consumption Final energy consumption Transport Total (PJ) | Final consumption Final energy consumption Other sectors Total (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Total (PJ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total energy commodities | 2023** | 2,612.3 | 883.0 | 9,916.7 | 7,657.1 | 2,259.6 | 590.6 | 60.3 | -3.1 | 2,615.5 | 375.2 | 264.4 | 110.7 | 182.4 | 25.8 | 2,032.1 | 1,584.0 | 479.7 | 397.8 | 706.5 | 448.2 |
| Total coal and coal products | 2023** | 158.2 | 175.9 | 13.8 | 162.1 | -3.9 | 158.2 | 130.2 | 90.9 | 39.3 | 12.7 | 15.3 | 14.0 | 13.7 | 0.3 | 1.3 | |||||
| Total crudes/petroleum products, fossil | 2023** | 1,086.8 | 43.0 | 7,850.6 | 6,321.0 | 1,529.7 | 565.5 | 79.6 | 1,086.8 | 86.6 | 20.2 | 66.3 | 102.5 | 897.7 | 517.9 | 122.1 | 358.2 | 37.6 | 379.9 | ||
| Natural gas | 2023** | 928.8 | 354.7 | 1,759.1 | 1,147.5 | 611.6 | 8.6 | -28.9 | -3.9 | 932.7 | 389.1 | 378.9 | 10.2 | 21.8 | . | 521.7 | 454.7 | 142.2 | 2.7 | 309.9 | 67.0 |
| Renewable energy | 2023** | 376.9 | 407.1 | 55.9 | 83.2 | -27.3 | 16.4 | 13.5 | 0.0 | 376.8 | 290.8 | 276.6 | 14.2 | 86.0 | 86.0 | 5.5 | 22.9 | 57.6 | |||
| Electricity | 2023** | -20.4 | 70.4 | 90.7 | -20.4 | 0.8 | -21.1 | -436.4 | -436.4 | 30.9 | 18.1 | 366.2 | 366.2 | 115.2 | 14.0 | 237.1 | |||||
| Heat | 2023** | -166.4 | -138.3 | -28.1 | 14.5 | 7.6 | 144.2 | 144.2 | 80.3 | 64.0 | |||||||||||
| Total other energy commodities | 2023** | 82.1 | 78.2 | 4.7 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 82.1 | 81.2 | 72.5 | 8.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.0 | |||||||
| Source: CBS. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Table explanation
This table shows the supply, transformation and the consumption of energy in a balance sheet. Energy is released - among other things - during the combustion of for example natural gas, petroleum, hard coal and biofuels. Energy can also be obtained from electricity or heat, or extracted from natural resources, e.g. wind or solar energy. In energy statistics all these sources of energy are known as energy commodities.
The supply side of the balance sheet includes indigenous production of energy, net imports and exports and net stock changes. This is mentioned primary energy supply, because this is the amount of energy available for transformation or consumption in the country.
For energy transformation, the table gives figures on the transformation input (amount of energy used to make other energy commodities), the transformation output (amount of energy made from other energy commodities) and net energy transformation. The latter is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.
Then the energy balance sheet shows the final consumption of energy. First, it refers to the own use and distribution losses. After deduction of these amounts remains the final consumption of energy customers. This comprises the final energy consumption and non-energy use. The final energy consumption is the energy consumers utilize for energy purposes. It is specified for successively industry, transport and other customers, broken down into various sub-sectors. The last form of energy is the non-energy use. This is the use of an energy commodity for a product that is not energy.
Data available:
From 1946.
Status of the figures:
All figures up to and including 2022 are definite. Figures for 2023 are revised provisional.
Changes as of November 15th 2024:
The structure of the table has been adjusted. This concerns the classification into energy commodities, section 'other energy commodities'. The new classification ensures that it is now exactly in line with the classification used by Eurostat when publishing the Energy Balance Sheet.
This table has also been revised for 2015 to 2021 as a result of new methods that have also been applied for 2022 and 2023. This concerns the following components: final energy consumption of LPG, distribution of final energy consumption of motor gasoline and transfer of energy consumption of the nuclear industry from industry to the energy sector. The natural gas consumption of the wood and wood products industry has also been improved so that it is more comparable over time. This concerns changes of a maximum of a few PJ.
Changes as of June 7th 2024:
Revised provisional figures of 2023 have been added.
Changes as of April 26th 2024:
- Provisional figures of 2023 have been added.
The energy balance has been revised for 2015 and later on a limited number of points. The most important is the following:
1. For solid biomass and municipal waste, the most recent data have been included. Furthermore data were affected by integration with figures for a new, yet to be published StatLine table on the supply of solid biomass. As a result, there are some changes in imports, exports and indigenous production of biomass of a maximum of a few PJ.
2. In the case of natural gas, an improvement has been made in the processing of data for stored LNG, which causes a shift between stock changes, imports and exports of a maximum of a few PJ.
3. Data for final energy consumption of blended biofuels per subsector in transport were incorrectly excluded. These have now been made visible.
Changes as of March 25th 2024:
The energy balance has been revised and restructured. It concerns mainly a different way of dealing with biofuels that are mixed with fossil fuels.
Previously, biofuels mixed with fossil fuels were counted as petroleum crude and products. In the new energy balance, blended biofuels count for renewable energy and petroleum crude and products and the underlying products (such as gasoline, diesel and kerosene) only count the fossil part of mixtures of fossil and biogenic fuels. To make this clear, the names of the energy commodities have been adjusted. The consequence of this adjustment is that part of the energy has been moved from petroleum to renewable. The energy balance remains the same for total energy commodities. The aim of this adjustment is to make the increasing role of blended biofuels in the Energy Balance visible and to better align with the Energy Balances published by Eurostat and the International Energy Agency. Within renewable energy and biomass, pure and blended biofuels are now visible as separate energy commodities.
In addition, the way in which electric road transport is treated has been improved, resulting in an increase in the supply and final consumption of electricity in services by more than 2 PJ in 2021 and 2022.
Changes as of November 14th 2023:
Figures for 2021 and 2022 haven been adjusted.
Figures for the Energy Balance for 2015 to 2020 have been revised regarding the following items:
- For 2109 and 2020 final consumption of heat in agriculture is a few PJ lower and for services a few PJ higher. This is the result of improved interpretation of available data in supply of heat to agriculture.
- During the production of geothermal heat by agriculture natural gas is produced as by-product. Now this is included in the energy balance. The amount increased from 0,2 PJ in 2015 to 0,7 PJ in 2020.
- There are some improvements in the data for heat in industry with a magnitude of about 1 PJ or smaller.
- There some other improvements, also about 1 PJ or smaller.
Changes as of October 10th 2023:
Energy commodity gas works cokes has been added.
Revised figures for period 1946-1989 have been added.
Changes as of June 15th 2023:
Revised provisional figures of 2022 have been added.
When will new figures be published?
Provisional figures: April of the following year.
Revised provisional figures: June/July of the following year.
Definite figures: December of the second following year.
Description topics
- Energy supply
- The amount of energy primarily available for consumption in the Netherlands.
- Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES)
- The amount of energy primarily available for consumption in the Netherlands (imports plus indigenous production and withdrawal from stocks) minus the amount which is not available for consumption (exports and bunkers).
- Indigenous production
- The capture or extraction of fuels or energy from natural energy flows, the biosphere and natural reserves of fossil fuels within the national territory in a form suitable for use. With biodiesel, biogasoline and biogas, the production of these fuels counts as indigenous production, the biogenic raw materials used for this are not yet considered as energy. Making waste suitable as an energy commodity, for example by burning it in waste incineration plants, also counts as extraction.
- Imports
- Imports of energy commodities.
- Exports
- Exports of energy commodities.
- Net imports
- Imports of energy commodities minus exports of energy commodities.
- Bunkers
- Delivery of fuels for international shipping and aviation, i.e. ships and aircraft departing from Dutch (air)ports and arriving in foreign (air)ports. In the energy balance sheet bunkers are considered as a form of export and are not included in energy available for consumption in the Netherlands. Bunkers by sector are not known.
- Stock change
- Changes in stock are calculated as opening stock minus closing stock, in accordance with international energy statistics guidelines. A positive figure means that stocks have decreased, and the supply of energy has thus increased. A negative figure means the opposite: an increase in stocks and a decrease in consumption.
- Statistical differences
- The difference between the energy supply and energy consumption of an energy commodity.
This difference arises because the figures on supply and consumption come from different sources. For many energy commodities, the difference is allocated to supply or consumption. Then this statistical difference is nil. - Total energy consumption
- The amount of energy used by companies, households and transport in the Netherlands. Energy can be used
- for transformation into other energy commodities, this is input minus the energy produced.
- as final consumption.
Total energy consumption =
Total net energy transformation + total own use + distribution losses + total final consumption. - Energy transformation
- Transformation of one energy commodity into another. This may be a transformation from a fuel into heat or power. It may also be a physical processing of one fuel into another, like the transformation of crude oil into motor gasoline.
- Net energy transformation
- Total net energy transformation
- The difference between transformation input and transformation output.
Total net energy transformation is the sum of:
- Net electricity/CHP transformation
- Net other transformation.
For primary energy commodities, like natural gas and hard coal, net transformation is always positive. For secondary energy commodities, like electricity or gasoline it is always negative. Obviously, the output for these commodities is higher than the input. For the total of energy commodities, this is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.
- Net electricity/CHP transformation
- Input minus output of energy transformation into:
- electricity only,
- electricity and useful heat, also known as combined heat and power (CHP). Heat has the form of steam or warm water.
For primary energy commodities, like natural gas and hard coal, net transformation is always positive. For secondary energy commodities, like electricity or gasoline it is always negative. Obviously, the output for these commodities is higher than the input. For the total of energy commodities, this is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.
- Net other transformation
- Input minus output of energy transformation into:
- another fuel, e.g. production of hard coal and petroleum products.
- heat only, i.e. at companies supplying heat to another company. Excludes use for CHP transformation.
For primary energy commodities, like natural gas and hard coal, net transformation is always positive. For secondary energy commodities, like electricity or motor gasoline it is always negative. Obviously, the output for these commodities is higher than the input. For the total of energy commodities, this is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.
- Own use
- The consumption of energy in installations for the production or transformation of energy and the consumption of energy by companies in the energy sector. This only concerns the necessary auxiliary energy, not the energy transformation input itself. The energy sector includes the extraction of crude petroleum and gas, coke-oven plants, blast furnaces, oil refinery installations and other installations / energy companies (sector D of the Standard Business Classification (SBI)). Examples of this own use are the combustion of fuels in oil refinery steam boilers to produce steam that brings the refining process to the desired temperature, the consumption of electricity for pumping natural gas from the ground, the consumption of electricity for transporting hard coal in a coal plant and the consumption of electricity by a waste incinerator for flue gas cleaning.
- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Production of heat and power
- Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas
- Coke-oven plants
- Blast furnaces
- Oil refinery installations
- Other installations
- Distribution losses
- Distribution losses of electricity and heat.
For electricity includes losses in energy distribution, transmission and transport. - Final consumption
- Total final consumption
- Total final consumption is the sum of:
- Final energy consumption
- Non-energy use
- Final energy consumption
- Final consumption of energy. No useful energy commodity remains.
Examples are the combustion of natural gas in boilers, household electricity consumption and the consumption of motor fuels for transport.- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Industry (excluding the energy sector)
- Transport
- Other sectors
- Industry (excluding the energy sector)
- Companies in the sector industry (excluding the energy sector) in the Netherlands.
The sector industry is companies in mining and quarrying, manufacturing and construction.
Excludes transport outside own premises.- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Iron and steel
- Chemical and petrochemical
- Non-ferrous metals
- Non-metallic minerals
- Transport equipment
- Machinery
- Mining and quarrying
- Food and tobacco
- Paper, pulp and printing
- Wood and wood products
- Construction
- Textile and leather
- Other industry and non-specified
- Transport
- All passenger and freight transport by rail, road, water and air.
Excludes transport on own premises, fishing, agriculture and mobile equipment.- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Domestic aviation
- Road transport
- Rail transport
- Pipeline transport
- Domestic navigation
- Non-specified
- Other sectors
- Services, households, agriculture, fishing and non-specified.
Excludes transport outside own premises.- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Services, waste, water and repair
- Dwellings
- Agriculture
- Fishing
- Non-specified
- Non-energy use
- Use of an energy commodity for a product that is not energy. The energy used for the production process remains in the product. E.g. use of oil for the production of plastics, or natural gas for fertilisers.
- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Industry (excluding the energy sector)
- Transport
- Other sectors