Energy balance sheet; supply, transformation and consumption
Energy commodities | Periods | Own use Total (PJ) | Own use Production of heat and power (PJ) | Own use Extraction of crude petroleum and gas (PJ) | Own use Coke-oven plants (PJ) | Own use Blast furnaces (PJ) | Own use Oil refinery installations (PJ) | Own use Other installations (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Total (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Industry (excluding the energy sector) (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Of which chemical and petrochemical (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Transport (PJ) | Final consumption Non-energy use Other sectors (PJ) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total energy commodities | 2023** | 180.0 | 11.5 | 19.5 | 8.1 | 6.8 | 128.1 | 6.0 | 448.5 | 444.2 | 432.4 | 2.7 | 1.5 |
Total coal and coal products | 2023** | 12.7 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 1.3 | 1.3 | |||||||
Primary coals | 2023** | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
Total hard coal | 2023** | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
Anthracite | 2023** | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
Coking coal | 2023** | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||||
Steam coal | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Lignite | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Total coal products | 2023** | 12.7 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |||||||
Coke-oven cokes | 2023** | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Gas works cokes | 2023** | ||||||||||||
BKB (Braunkohlenbriketts) | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Patent fuel | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Coal tar | 2023** | 0.9 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Gas works gas | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Coke oven gas | 2023** | 7.1 | 6.7 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Blast furnace gas | 2023** | 5.6 | 0.2 | 5.4 | |||||||||
Total crudes/petroleum products, fossil | 2023** | 100.2 | 100.2 | 0.0 | 380.2 | 376.0 | 365.5 | 2.7 | 1.5 | ||||
Total crude | 2023** | 113.5 | 113.5 | 113.5 | |||||||||
Crude oil | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Natural gas liquids | 2023** | 113.3 | 113.3 | 113.3 | |||||||||
Additives | 2023** | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Other hydrocarbons | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Total petroleum products, fossil | 2023** | 100.2 | 100.2 | 0.0 | 266.8 | 262.5 | 252.0 | 2.7 | 1.5 | ||||
Residual gas | 2023** | 85.3 | 85.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||
Lpg | 2023** | 4.2 | 4.2 | 69.5 | 69.5 | 69.5 | |||||||
Naphtha | 2023** | 164.0 | 164.0 | 164.0 | |||||||||
Motor gasoline, fossil fraction | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Gasoline type jet fuel | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Aviation gasoline | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Kerosene type jet fuel, fossil fraction | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Other kerosene | 2023** | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.0 | ||||||||
Gas/diesel oil, total, fossil fraction | 2023** | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
Fuel oil | 2023** | ||||||||||||
White spirit and industrial spirit (SBP) | 2023** | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Lubricants | 2023** | 6.3 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 1.5 | ||||||||
Bitumen | 2023** | 3.8 | 3.8 | ||||||||||
Paraffin waxes | 2023** | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Petroleum coke | 2023** | 10.7 | 10.7 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 10.9 | |||||||
Other petroleum products | 2023** | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | |||||||||
Natural gas | 2023** | 21.7 | 14.1 | 0.5 | 6.4 | 0.7 | 67.0 | 67.0 | 67.0 | 0.0 | |||
Renewable energy | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Hydro power | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Total wind energy | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Wind energy on shore | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Wind energy off shore | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Total solar energy | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Solar thermal | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Solar photovoltaic | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Deep geothermal heat | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Ambient energy | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Total biomass | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Municipal waste; renewable fraction | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Solid biomass | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Charcoal | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biogasoline, pure | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biogasoline, blended | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biodiesel, pure | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biodiesel, blended | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biokerosene, pure | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biokerosene, blended | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Other liquid biomass | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Biogas | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Electricity | 2023** | 31.0 | 11.5 | 5.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 9.6 | 3.8 | |||||
Heat | 2023** | 14.4 | 0.9 | 11.9 | 1.5 | ||||||||
Total other energy commodities | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Nuclear energy | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Non-rene.municipal waste + residual heat | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Energy from other sources | 2023** | ||||||||||||
Source: CBS. |
Table explanation
This table shows the supply, transformation and the consumption of energy in a balance sheet. Energy is released - among other things - during the combustion of for example natural gas, petroleum, hard coal and biofuels. Energy can also be obtained from electricity or heat, or extracted from natural resources, e.g. wind or solar energy. In energy statistics all these sources of energy are known as energy commodities.
The supply side of the balance sheet includes indigenous production of energy, net imports and exports and net stock changes. This is mentioned primary energy supply, because this is the amount of energy available for transformation or consumption in the country.
For energy transformation, the table gives figures on the transformation input (amount of energy used to make other energy commodities), the transformation output (amount of energy made from other energy commodities) and net energy transformation. The latter is the amount of energy lost during the transformation of energy commodities.
Then the energy balance sheet shows the final consumption of energy. First, it refers to the own use and distribution losses. After deduction of these amounts remains the final consumption of energy customers. This comprises the final energy consumption and non-energy use. The final energy consumption is the energy consumers utilize for energy purposes. It is specified for successively industry, transport and other customers, broken down into various sub-sectors. The last form of energy is the non-energy use. This is the use of an energy commodity for a product that is not energy.
Data available:
From 1946.
Status of the figures:
All figures up to and including 2021 are definite. Figures for 2022 and 2023 are revised provisional.
Changes as of June 7th 2024:
Revised provisional figures of 2023 have been added.
Changes as of April 26th 2024:
- Provisional figures of 2023 have been added.
The energy balance has been revised for 2015 and later on a limited number of points. The most important is the following:
1. For solid biomass and municipal waste, the most recent data have been included. Furthermore data were affected by integration with figures for a new, yet to be published StatLine table on the supply of solid biomass. As a result, there are some changes in imports, exports and indigenous production of biomass of a maximum of a few PJ.
2. In the case of natural gas, an improvement has been made in the processing of data for stored LNG, which causes a shift between stock changes, imports and exports of a maximum of a few PJ.
3. Data for final energy consumption of blended biofuels per subsector in transport were incorrectly excluded. These have now been made visible.
Changes as of March 25th 2024:
The energy balance has been revised and restructured. It concerns mainly a different way of dealing with biofuels that are mixed with fossil fuels.
Previously, biofuels mixed with fossil fuels were counted as petroleum crude and products. In the new energy balance, blended biofuels count for renewable energy and petroleum crude and products and the underlying products (such as gasoline, diesel and kerosene) only count the fossil part of mixtures of fossil and biogenic fuels. To make this clear, the names of the energy commodities have been adjusted. The consequence of this adjustment is that part of the energy has been moved from petroleum to renewable. The energy balance remains the same for total energy commodities. The aim of this adjustment is to make the increasing role of blended biofuels in the Energy Balance visible and to better align with the Energy Balances published by Eurostat and the International Energy Agency. Within renewable energy and biomass, pure and blended biofuels are now visible as separate energy commodities.
In addition, the way in which electric road transport is treated has been improved, resulting in an increase in the supply and final consumption of electricity in services by more than 2 PJ in 2021 and 2022.
Changes as of November 14th 2023:
Figures for 2021 and 2022 haven been adjusted.
Figures for the Energy Balance for 2015 to 2020 have been revised regarding the following items:
- For 2109 and 2020 final consumption of heat in agriculture is a few PJ lower and for services a few PJ higher. This is the result of improved interpretation of available data in supply of heat to agriculture.
- During the production of geothermal heat by agriculture natural gas is produced as by-product. Now this is included in the energy balance. The amount increased from 0,2 PJ in 2015 to 0,7 PJ in 2020.
- There are some improvements in the data for heat in industry with a magnitude of about 1 PJ or smaller.
- There some other improvements, also about 1 PJ or smaller.
Changes as of October 10th 2023:
Energy commodity gas works cokes has been added.
Revised figures for period 1946-1989 have been added.
Changes as of June 15th 2023:
Revised provisional figures of 2022 have been added.
When will new figures be published?
Provisional figures: April of the following year.
Revised provisional figures: June/July of the following year.
Definite figures: December of the second following year.
Description topics
- Own use
- The consumption of energy in installations for the production or transformation of energy and the consumption of energy by companies in the energy sector. This only concerns the necessary auxiliary energy, not the energy transformation input itself. The energy sector includes the extraction of crude petroleum and gas, coke-oven plants, blast furnaces, oil refinery installations and other installations / energy companies (sector D of the Standard Business Classification (SBI)). Examples of this own use are the combustion of fuels in oil refinery steam boilers to produce steam that brings the refining process to the desired temperature, the consumption of electricity for pumping natural gas from the ground, the consumption of electricity for transporting hard coal in a coal plant and the consumption of electricity by a waste incinerator for flue gas cleaning.
- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Production of heat and power
- Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas
- Coke-oven plants
- Blast furnaces
- Oil refinery installations
- Other installations
- Production of heat and power
- Installations for production of heat and power. Own use is the difference between the net and gross production of electricity. This concerns the own use of installations owned by companies in the energy sector and also by final users companies such as industries, waste processors or greenhouse companies with their own combined heat and power installation. In the other StatLine table on the Energy balance (Energy balance sheet by sector), the own use of production of heat and power is not separately visible, but it is part of the own use per subsector of both companies in the energy sector and final users companies.
- Extraction of crude petroleum and gas
- Installations for the extraction of crude petroleum, including natural gas liquids, and natural gas.
Own use concerns all activities to make the crude petroleum or gas suitable for transport in a pipeline. This includes, for example, energy for pumping up the mineral and removing and separating liquid hydrocarbon fractions.
- Coke-oven plants
- Coke ovens are large ovens within which coke oven coke, coke oven gas and coal tars are produced by high temperature carbonization of coking coal.
- Blast furnaces
- Blast furnaces are furnaces which produce blast furnace gas as a by-product when making pig iron from iron ore. During the process, carbon, mainly in the form of coke, is added to the blast furnace to support and reduce the iron oxide charge and provide heat. Blast furnace gas comprises carbon monoxide and other gases formed during the heating and reduction process.
- Oil refinery installations
- Own use of oil refineries excluding the installations that produce power.
- Other installations
- Own use at installations that do not belong to the above categories. This includes, for example, the heating of natural gas by Gasunie Transport Services (GTS) to make it easier to get through the pipelines and the consumption of electricity supplied by power plants (if they e.g. are shut down for maintenance or lack of demand).
- Final consumption
- Non-energy use
- Use of an energy commodity for a product that is not energy. The energy used for the production process remains in the product. E.g. use of oil for the production of plastics, or natural gas for fertilisers.
- Total
- This category is made up of the categories:
- Industry (excluding the energy sector)
- Transport
- Other sectors
- Industry (excluding the energy sector)
- Companies in the sector industry (excluding the energy sector) in the Netherlands.
The sector industry is companies in mining and quarrying, manufacturing and construction.
Excludes transport outside own premises.
- Of which chemical and petrochemical
- Manufacture of chemicals and pharmaceuticals
This category is made up of the categories:
20 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products
21 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations
- Transport
- All passenger and freight transport by rail, road, water and air.
Excludes transport on own premises, fishing, agriculture and mobile equipment.
- Other sectors
- Non-energy consumption of services, households, agriculture, fishing and other.
Excludes transport outside own premises.
Natural gas, non-energy use
To cope with differences in demand for natural gas in summer and winter there is a need for storage of natural gas.
An empty gas field could be adapted to be used as underground storage for natural gas (UGS). For this purpose a certain pressure is needed to facilitate quick extraction of stored natural gas.
The natural gas that has been injected in the empty field to raise the pressure is called cushion gas. This cushion gas is not part of natural gas as stocks, because it stays in the storage during the entire life time of the UGS.
The amount of natural gas injected in the field to be used as cushion gas is reflected in the energy balance sheet as part of non-energy use of natural gas.