Renewable energy; final use and avoided use fossil energy,1990-2019

Renewable energy; final use and avoided use fossil energy,1990-2019

Energy sources/techniques Energy application Periods Gross final consumption renewable energy Final consumption (TJ) Gross final consumption renewable energy Final consumption relative (% total energy cons.) Avoided use of fossil energy Avoided energy (TJ) Avoided use of fossil energy Avoided energy relative (% total energy cons.) Avoided carbon dioxide emission Avoided emission (kton) Avoided carbon dioxide emission Avoided emission relative (% of total CO2 emission)
Total energy sources Total energy applications 2015 117,192 5.66 166,920 5.36 11,802 7.07
Total energy sources Total energy applications 2016 122,177 5.83 180,367 5.72 12,513 7.49
Total energy sources Total energy applications 2017 136,815 6.46 197,281 6.22 13,534 8.21
Total energy sources Electricity 2015 47,347 2.29 108,126 3.47 8,501 5.09
Total energy sources Electricity 2016 54,263 2.59 123,788 3.92 9,315 5.58
Total energy sources Electricity 2017 60,011 2.83 133,164 4.20 9,829 5.96
Total energy sources Heat 2015 57,274 2.77 46,218 1.48 2,508 1.50
Total energy sources Heat 2016 58,012 2.77 46,672 1.48 2,545 1.52
Total energy sources Heat 2017 64,113 3.03 51,414 1.62 2,832 1.72
Total energy sources Transport 2015 12,571 0.61 12,576 0.40 793 0.48
Total energy sources Transport 2016 9,902 0.47 9,907 0.31 652 0.39
Total energy sources Transport 2017 12,691 0.60 12,703 0.40 874 0.53
Hydro power Total energy applications 2015 355 0.02 858 0.03 67 0.04
Hydro power Total energy applications 2016 351 0.02 821 0.03 61 0.04
Hydro power Total energy applications 2017 339 0.02 761 0.02 56 0.03
Hydro power Electricity 2015 355 0.02 858 0.03 67 0.04
Hydro power Electricity 2016 351 0.02 821 0.03 61 0.04
Hydro power Electricity 2017 339 0.02 761 0.02 56 0.03
Hydro power Heat 2015
Hydro power Heat 2016
Hydro power Heat 2017
Hydro power Transport 2015
Hydro power Transport 2016
Hydro power Transport 2017
Wind energy, total Total energy applications 2015 24,900 1.20 60,218 1.93 4,691 2.81
Wind energy, total Total energy applications 2016 30,110 1.44 73,216 2.32 5,462 3.27
Wind energy, total Total energy applications 2017 34,710 1.64 82,374 2.60 6,022 3.65
Wind energy, total Electricity 2015 24,900 1.20 60,218 1.93 4,691 2.81
Wind energy, total Electricity 2016 30,110 1.44 73,216 2.32 5,462 3.27
Wind energy, total Electricity 2017 34,710 1.64 82,374 2.60 6,022 3.65
Wind energy, total Heat 2015
Wind energy, total Heat 2016
Wind energy, total Heat 2017
Wind energy, total Transport 2015
Wind energy, total Transport 2016
Wind energy, total Transport 2017
Wind energy on shore Total energy applications 2015 21,174 1.02 51,264 1.65 3,993 2.39
Wind energy on shore Total energy applications 2016 21,748 1.04 53,907 1.71 4,021 2.41
Wind energy on shore Total energy applications 2017 22,560 1.07 54,196 1.71 3,962 2.40
Wind energy on shore Electricity 2015 21,174 1.02 51,264 1.65 3,993 2.39
Wind energy on shore Electricity 2016 21,748 1.04 53,907 1.71 4,021 2.41
Wind energy on shore Electricity 2017 22,560 1.07 54,196 1.71 3,962 2.40
Wind energy on shore Heat 2015
Wind energy on shore Heat 2016
Wind energy on shore Heat 2017
Wind energy on shore Transport 2015
Wind energy on shore Transport 2016
Wind energy on shore Transport 2017
Wind energy off shore Total energy applications 2015 3,727 0.18 8,954 0.29 698 0.42
Wind energy off shore Total energy applications 2016 8,362 0.40 19,309 0.61 1,440 0.86
Wind energy off shore Total energy applications 2017 12,150 0.57 28,178 0.89 2,060 1.25
Wind energy off shore Electricity 2015 3,727 0.18 8,954 0.29 698 0.42
Wind energy off shore Electricity 2016 8,362 0.40 19,309 0.61 1,440 0.86
Wind energy off shore Electricity 2017 12,150 0.57 28,178 0.89 2,060 1.25
Wind energy off shore Heat 2015
Wind energy off shore Heat 2016
Wind energy off shore Heat 2017
Wind energy off shore Transport 2015
Wind energy off shore Transport 2016
Wind energy off shore Transport 2017
Solar energy Total energy applications 2015 5,127 0.25 10,819 0.35 818 0.49
Solar energy Total energy applications 2016 6,913 0.33 14,665 0.46 1,072 0.64
Solar energy Total energy applications 2017 9,080 0.43 18,984 0.60 1,368 0.83
Solar energy Electricity 2015 3,991 0.19 9,639 0.31 751 0.45
Solar energy Electricity 2016 5,767 0.28 13,473 0.43 1,005 0.60
Solar energy Electricity 2017 7,936 0.37 17,793 0.56 1,301 0.79
Solar energy Heat 2015 1,137 0.05 1,179 0.04 67 0.04
Solar energy Heat 2016 1,147 0.05 1,192 0.04 67 0.04
Solar energy Heat 2017 1,144 0.05 1,191 0.04 67 0.04
Solar energy Transport 2015
Solar energy Transport 2016
Solar energy Transport 2017
Solar photovoltaic Total energy applications 2015 3,991 0.19 9,639 0.31 751 0.45
Solar photovoltaic Total energy applications 2016 5,767 0.28 13,473 0.43 1,005 0.60
Solar photovoltaic Total energy applications 2017 7,936 0.37 17,793 0.56 1,301 0.79
Solar photovoltaic Electricity 2015 3,991 0.19 9,639 0.31 751 0.45
Solar photovoltaic Electricity 2016 5,767 0.28 13,473 0.43 1,005 0.60
Solar photovoltaic Electricity 2017 7,936 0.37 17,793 0.56 1,301 0.79
Solar photovoltaic Heat 2015
Solar photovoltaic Heat 2016
Solar photovoltaic Heat 2017
Solar photovoltaic Transport 2015
Solar photovoltaic Transport 2016
Solar photovoltaic Transport 2017
Solar thermal, total Total energy applications 2015 1,137 0.05 1,179 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Total energy applications 2016 1,147 0.05 1,192 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Total energy applications 2017 1,144 0.05 1,191 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Electricity 2015
Solar thermal, total Electricity 2016
Solar thermal, total Electricity 2017
Solar thermal, total Heat 2015 1,137 0.05 1,179 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Heat 2016 1,147 0.05 1,192 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Heat 2017 1,144 0.05 1,191 0.04 67 0.04
Solar thermal, total Transport 2015
Solar thermal, total Transport 2016
Solar thermal, total Transport 2017
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Total energy applications 2015 818 0.04 881 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Total energy applications 2016 826 0.04 890 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Total energy applications 2017 820 0.04 883 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Electricity 2015
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Electricity 2016
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Electricity 2017
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Heat 2015 818 0.04 881 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Heat 2016 826 0.04 890 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Heat 2017 820 0.04 883 0.03 50 0.03
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Transport 2015
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Transport 2016
Solar thermal, covered systems <= 6 m2 Transport 2017
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Total energy applications 2015 187 0.01 201 0.01 11 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Total energy applications 2016 194 0.01 209 0.01 12 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Total energy applications 2017 204 0.01 220 0.01 12 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Electricity 2015
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Electricity 2016
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Electricity 2017
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Heat 2015 187 0.01 201 0.01 11 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Heat 2016 194 0.01 209 0.01 12 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Heat 2017 204 0.01 220 0.01 12 0.01
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Transport 2015
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Transport 2016
Solar thermal, covered systems > 6 m2 Transport 2017
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Total energy applications 2015 132 0.01 97 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Total energy applications 2016 127 0.01 93 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Total energy applications 2017 120 0.01 88 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Electricity 2015
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Electricity 2016
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Electricity 2017
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Heat 2015 132 0.01 97 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Heat 2016 127 0.01 93 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Heat 2017 120 0.01 88 0.00 5 0.00
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Transport 2015
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Transport 2016
Solar thermal, uncovered systems Transport 2017
Total geothermal energy Total energy applications 2015 6,082 0.29 5,667 0.18 266 0.16
Total geothermal energy Total energy applications 2016 6,699 0.32 6,429 0.20 324 0.19
Total geothermal energy Total energy applications 2017 7,127 0.34 6,986 0.22 358 0.22
Total geothermal energy Electricity 2015
Total geothermal energy Electricity 2016
Total geothermal energy Electricity 2017
Total geothermal energy Heat 2015 6,082 0.29 5,667 0.18 266 0.16
Total geothermal energy Heat 2016 6,699 0.32 6,429 0.20 324 0.19
Total geothermal energy Heat 2017 7,127 0.34 6,986 0.22 358 0.22
Total geothermal energy Transport 2015
Total geothermal energy Transport 2016
Total geothermal energy Transport 2017
Deep geothermal heat Total energy applications 2015 2,448 0.12 2,425 0.08 131 0.08
Deep geothermal heat Total energy applications 2016 2,844 0.14 2,827 0.09 154 0.09
Deep geothermal heat Total energy applications 2017 3,047 0.14 3,029 0.10 165 0.10
Deep geothermal heat Electricity 2015
Deep geothermal heat Electricity 2016
Deep geothermal heat Electricity 2017
Deep geothermal heat Heat 2015 2,448 0.12 2,425 0.08 131 0.08
Deep geothermal heat Heat 2016 2,844 0.14 2,827 0.09 154 0.09
Deep geothermal heat Heat 2017 3,047 0.14 3,029 0.10 165 0.10
Deep geothermal heat Transport 2015
Deep geothermal heat Transport 2016
Deep geothermal heat Transport 2017
Total deep geothermal Total energy applications 2015 3,634 0.18 3,243 0.10 135 0.08
Total deep geothermal Total energy applications 2016 3,855 0.18 3,601 0.11 170 0.10
Total deep geothermal Total energy applications 2017 4,081 0.19 3,956 0.12 193 0.12
Total deep geothermal Electricity 2015
Total deep geothermal Electricity 2016
Total deep geothermal Electricity 2017
Total deep geothermal Heat 2015 3,634 0.18 3,243 0.10 135 0.08
Total deep geothermal Heat 2016 3,855 0.18 3,601 0.11 170 0.10
Total deep geothermal Heat 2017 4,081 0.19 3,956 0.12 193 0.12
Total deep geothermal Transport 2015
Total deep geothermal Transport 2016
Total deep geothermal Transport 2017
Shallow geothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2015 3,634 0.18 2,293 0.07 66 0.04
Shallow geothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2016 3,855 0.18 2,547 0.08 88 0.05
Shallow geothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2017 4,081 0.19 2,814 0.09 108 0.07
Shallow geothermal heat, total Electricity 2015
Shallow geothermal heat, total Electricity 2016
Shallow geothermal heat, total Electricity 2017
Shallow geothermal heat, total Heat 2015 3,634 0.18 2,293 0.07 66 0.04
Shallow geothermal heat, total Heat 2016 3,855 0.18 2,547 0.08 88 0.05
Shallow geothermal heat, total Heat 2017 4,081 0.19 2,814 0.09 108 0.07
Shallow geothermal heat, total Transport 2015
Shallow geothermal heat, total Transport 2016
Shallow geothermal heat, total Transport 2017
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Total energy applications 2015 3,634 0.18 2,138 0.07 57 0.03
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Total energy applications 2016 3,855 0.18 2,374 0.08 78 0.05
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Total energy applications 2017 4,081 0.19 2,645 0.08 98 0.06
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Electricity 2015
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Electricity 2016
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Electricity 2017
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Heat 2015 3,634 0.18 2,138 0.07 57 0.03
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Heat 2016 3,855 0.18 2,374 0.08 78 0.05
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Heat 2017 4,081 0.19 2,645 0.08 98 0.06
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Transport 2015
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Transport 2016
Shallow geothermal heat, heat pumps Transport 2017
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Total energy applications 2015 155 0.00 9 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Total energy applications 2016 173 0.01 10 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Total energy applications 2017 169 0.01 10 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Electricity 2015
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Electricity 2016
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Electricity 2017
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Heat 2015 155 0.00 9 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Heat 2016 173 0.01 10 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Heat 2017 169 0.01 10 0.01
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Transport 2015
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Transport 2016
Shal geothermal heat, without heat pumps Transport 2017
Shallow geothermal cold Total energy applications 2015 949 0.03 70 0.04
Shallow geothermal cold Total energy applications 2016 1,054 0.03 82 0.05
Shallow geothermal cold Total energy applications 2017 1,142 0.04 85 0.05
Shallow geothermal cold Electricity 2015
Shallow geothermal cold Electricity 2016
Shallow geothermal cold Electricity 2017
Shallow geothermal cold Heat 2015 949 0.03 70 0.04
Shallow geothermal cold Heat 2016 1,054 0.03 82 0.05
Shallow geothermal cold Heat 2017 1,142 0.04 85 0.05
Shallow geothermal cold Transport 2015
Shallow geothermal cold Transport 2016
Shallow geothermal cold Transport 2017
Aerothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2015 2,019 0.10 439 0.01 -39 -0.02
Aerothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2016 2,635 0.13 697 0.02 -30 -0.02
Aerothermal heat, total Total energy applications 2017 3,529 0.17 1,129 0.04 -17 -0.01
Aerothermal heat, total Electricity 2015
Aerothermal heat, total Electricity 2016
Aerothermal heat, total Electricity 2017
Aerothermal heat, total Heat 2015 2,019 0.10 439 0.01 -39 -0.02
Aerothermal heat, total Heat 2016 2,635 0.13 697 0.02 -30 -0.02
Aerothermal heat, total Heat 2017 3,529 0.17 1,129 0.04 -17 -0.01
Aerothermal heat, total Transport 2015
Aerothermal heat, total Transport 2016
Aerothermal heat, total Transport 2017
Total biomass Total energy applications 2015 78,707 3.80 88,918 2.85 6,000 3.60
Total biomass Total energy applications 2016 75,469 3.60 84,539 2.68 5,624 3.37
Total biomass Total energy applications 2017 82,029 3.87 87,048 2.75 5,748 3.49
Total biomass Electricity 2015 18,100 0.87 37,410 1.20 2,992 1.79
Total biomass Electricity 2016 18,036 0.86 36,278 1.15 2,787 1.67
Total biomass Electricity 2017 17,025 0.80 32,236 1.02 2,451 1.49
Total biomass Heat 2015 48,036 2.32 38,932 1.25 2,215 1.33
Total biomass Heat 2016 47,531 2.27 38,355 1.22 2,184 1.31
Total biomass Heat 2017 52,313 2.47 42,109 1.33 2,423 1.47
Total biomass Transport 2015 12,571 0.61 12,576 0.40 793 0.48
Total biomass Transport 2016 9,902 0.47 9,907 0.31 652 0.39
Total biomass Transport 2017 12,691 0.60 12,703 0.40 874 0.53
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Total energy applications 2015 20,711 1.00 26,462 0.85 1,783 1.07
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Total energy applications 2016 20,004 0.95 25,680 0.81 1,692 1.01
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Total energy applications 2017 19,941 0.94 24,813 0.78 1,601 0.97
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Electricity 2015 7,188 0.35 13,475 0.43 1,050 0.63
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Electricity 2016 7,218 0.34 13,341 0.42 995 0.60
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Electricity 2017 6,853 0.32 11,926 0.38 872 0.53
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Heat 2015 13,523 0.65 12,987 0.42 734 0.44
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Heat 2016 12,785 0.61 12,339 0.39 697 0.42
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Heat 2017 13,088 0.62 12,887 0.41 729 0.44
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Transport 2015
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Transport 2016
Municipal waste; renewable fraction Transport 2017
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Total energy applications 2015 1,884 0.09 4,675 0.15 443 0.27
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Total energy applications 2016 1,629 0.08 4,083 0.13 387 0.23
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Total energy applications 2017 2,335 0.11 4,883 0.15 462 0.28
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Electricity 2015 1,849 0.09 4,629 0.15 438 0.26
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Electricity 2016 1,591 0.08 4,011 0.13 380 0.23
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Electricity 2017 1,909 0.09 4,373 0.14 414 0.25
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Heat 2015 35 0.00 46 0.00 4 0.00
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Heat 2016 38 0.00 72 0.00 7 0.00
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Heat 2017 426 0.02 510 0.02 48 0.03
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Transport 2015
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Transport 2016
Co-firing of biomass in electr. plants Transport 2017
Total biomass households Total energy applications 2015 16,743 0.81 10,847 0.35 613 0.37
Total biomass households Total energy applications 2016 16,569 0.79 10,874 0.34 614 0.37
Total biomass households Total energy applications 2017 16,432 0.78 10,932 0.34 619 0.38
Total biomass households Electricity 2015
Total biomass households Electricity 2016
Total biomass households Electricity 2017
Total biomass households Heat 2015 16,743 0.81 10,847 0.35 613 0.37
Total biomass households Heat 2016 16,569 0.79 10,874 0.34 614 0.37
Total biomass households Heat 2017 16,432 0.78 10,932 0.34 619 0.38
Total biomass households Transport 2015
Total biomass households Transport 2016
Total biomass households Transport 2017
Biomass households, open fireplaces Total energy applications 2015 2,322 0.11 244 0.01 14 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Total energy applications 2016 2,247 0.11 237 0.01 13 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Total energy applications 2017 2,174 0.10 229 0.01 13 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Electricity 2015
Biomass households, open fireplaces Electricity 2016
Biomass households, open fireplaces Electricity 2017
Biomass households, open fireplaces Heat 2015 2,322 0.11 244 0.01 14 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Heat 2016 2,247 0.11 237 0.01 13 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Heat 2017 2,174 0.10 229 0.01 13 0.01
Biomass households, open fireplaces Transport 2015
Biomass households, open fireplaces Transport 2016
Biomass households, open fireplaces Transport 2017
Biomass households, inserts Total energy applications 2015 2,849 0.14 1,799 0.06 102 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Total energy applications 2016 2,701 0.13 1,757 0.06 99 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Total energy applications 2017 2,562 0.12 1,717 0.05 97 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Electricity 2015
Biomass households, inserts Electricity 2016
Biomass households, inserts Electricity 2017
Biomass households, inserts Heat 2015 2,849 0.14 1,799 0.06 102 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Heat 2016 2,701 0.13 1,757 0.06 99 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Heat 2017 2,562 0.12 1,717 0.05 97 0.06
Biomass households, inserts Transport 2015
Biomass households, inserts Transport 2016
Biomass households, inserts Transport 2017
Biomass households, wood stoves Total energy applications 2015 11,092 0.54 8,616 0.28 487 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Total energy applications 2016 11,040 0.53 8,603 0.27 486 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Total energy applications 2017 10,875 0.51 8,493 0.27 481 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Electricity 2015
Biomass households, wood stoves Electricity 2016
Biomass households, wood stoves Electricity 2017
Biomass households, wood stoves Heat 2015 11,092 0.54 8,616 0.28 487 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Heat 2016 11,040 0.53 8,603 0.27 486 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Heat 2017 10,875 0.51 8,493 0.27 481 0.29
Biomass households, wood stoves Transport 2015
Biomass households, wood stoves Transport 2016
Biomass households, wood stoves Transport 2017
Biomass households, pellet stoves Total energy applications 2015 211 0.01 189 0.01 11 0.01
Biomass households, pellet stoves Total energy applications 2016 310 0.01 278 0.01 16 0.01
Biomass households, pellet stoves Total energy applications 2017 551 0.03 493 0.02 28 0.02
Biomass households, pellet stoves Electricity 2015
Biomass households, pellet stoves Electricity 2016
Biomass households, pellet stoves Electricity 2017
Biomass households, pellet stoves Heat 2015 211 0.01 189 0.01 11 0.01
Biomass households, pellet stoves Heat 2016 310 0.01 278 0.01 16 0.01
Biomass households, pellet stoves Heat 2017 551 0.03 493 0.02 28 0.02
Biomass households, pellet stoves Transport 2015
Biomass households, pellet stoves Transport 2016
Biomass households, pellet stoves Transport 2017
Biomass households, charcoal use Total energy applications 2015 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Total energy applications 2016 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Total energy applications 2017 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Electricity 2015
Biomass households, charcoal use Electricity 2016
Biomass households, charcoal use Electricity 2017
Biomass households, charcoal use Heat 2015 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Heat 2016 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Heat 2017 270 0.01
Biomass households, charcoal use Transport 2015
Biomass households, charcoal use Transport 2016
Biomass households, charcoal use Transport 2017
Biomassboilers companies, total Total energy applications 2015 15,151 0.73 20,543 0.66 1,387 0.83
Biomassboilers companies, total Total energy applications 2016 16,256 0.78 20,808 0.66 1,371 0.82
Biomassboilers companies, total Total energy applications 2017 19,284 0.91 20,810 0.66 1,318 0.80
Biomassboilers companies, total Electricity 2015 4,995 0.24 10,599 0.34 826 0.49
Biomassboilers companies, total Electricity 2016 5,273 0.25 10,778 0.34 804 0.48
Biomassboilers companies, total Electricity 2017 4,471 0.21 8,474 0.27 619 0.38
Biomassboilers companies, total Heat 2015 10,155 0.49 9,944 0.32 562 0.34
Biomassboilers companies, total Heat 2016 10,984 0.52 10,030 0.32 567 0.34
Biomassboilers companies, total Heat 2017 14,812 0.70 12,336 0.39 698 0.42
Biomassboilers companies, total Transport 2015
Biomassboilers companies, total Transport 2016
Biomassboilers companies, total Transport 2017
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Total energy applications 2015 6,459 0.31 11,909 0.38 900 0.54
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Total energy applications 2016 6,749 0.32 11,738 0.37 858 0.51
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Total energy applications 2017 9,461 0.45 11,577 0.37 795 0.48
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Electricity 2015 4,995 0.24 10,599 0.34 826 0.49
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Electricity 2016 5,273 0.25 10,778 0.34 804 0.48
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Electricity 2017 4,471 0.21 8,474 0.27 619 0.38
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Heat 2015 1,464 0.07 1,310 0.04 74 0.04
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Heat 2016 1,476 0.07 960 0.03 54 0.03
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Heat 2017 4,990 0.24 3,102 0.10 176 0.11
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Transport 2015
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Transport 2016
Biomassboliers companies, electricity Transport 2017
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Total energy applications 2015 8,692 0.42 8,634 0.28 488 0.29
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Total energy applications 2016 9,508 0.45 9,070 0.29 512 0.31
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Total energy applications 2017 9,823 0.46 9,233 0.29 523 0.32
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Electricity 2015
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Electricity 2016
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Electricity 2017
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Heat 2015 8,692 0.42 8,634 0.28 488 0.29
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Heat 2016 9,508 0.45 9,070 0.29 512 0.31
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Heat 2017 9,823 0.46 9,233 0.29 523 0.32
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Transport 2015
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Transport 2016
Biomassboliers companies, heat only Transport 2017
Total biogas Total energy applications 2015 10,903 0.53 13,075 0.42 928 0.56
Total biogas Total energy applications 2016 10,575 0.50 12,658 0.40 866 0.52
Total biogas Total energy applications 2017 10,554 0.50 12,127 0.38 814 0.49
Total biogas Electricity 2015 4,068 0.20 8,708 0.28 678 0.41
Total biogas Electricity 2016 3,954 0.19 8,147 0.26 608 0.36
Total biogas Electricity 2017 3,792 0.18 7,462 0.24 545 0.33
Total biogas Heat 2015 6,656 0.32 4,183 0.13 236 0.14
Total biogas Heat 2016 6,437 0.31 4,322 0.14 244 0.15
Total biogas Heat 2017 6,533 0.31 4,423 0.14 250 0.15
Total biogas Transport 2015 179 0.01 184 0.01 14 0.01
Total biogas Transport 2016 184 0.01 189 0.01 14 0.01
Total biogas Transport 2017 230 0.01 243 0.01 18 0.01
Biogas from landfills Total energy applications 2015 386 0.02 610 0.02 43 0.03
Biogas from landfills Total energy applications 2016 307 0.01 475 0.02 33 0.02
Biogas from landfills Total energy applications 2017 350 0.02 494 0.02 33 0.02
Biogas from landfills Electricity 2015 180 0.01 400 0.01 31 0.02
Biogas from landfills Electricity 2016 144 0.01 310 0.01 23 0.01
Biogas from landfills Electricity 2017 131 0.01 269 0.01 20 0.01
Biogas from landfills Heat 2015 193 0.01 196 0.01 11 0.01
Biogas from landfills Heat 2016 153 0.01 155 0.00 9 0.01
Biogas from landfills Heat 2017 208 0.01 213 0.01 12 0.01
Biogas from landfills Transport 2015 13 0.00 14 0.00 1 0.00
Biogas from landfills Transport 2016 10 0.00 11 0.00 1 0.00
Biogas from landfills Transport 2017 12 0.00 12 0.00 1 0.00
Biogas from sewage water purification Total energy applications 2015 1,948 0.09 1,940 0.06 146 0.09
Biogas from sewage water purification Total energy applications 2016 2,059 0.10 2,015 0.06 144 0.09
Biogas from sewage water purification Total energy applications 2017 1,991 0.09 1,769 0.06 125 0.08
Biogas from sewage water purification Electricity 2015 743 0.04 1,712 0.05 133 0.08
Biogas from sewage water purification Electricity 2016 749 0.04 1,655 0.05 123 0.07
Biogas from sewage water purification Electricity 2017 706 0.03 1,510 0.05 110 0.07
Biogas from sewage water purification Heat 2015 1,205 0.06 229 0.01 13 0.01
Biogas from sewage water purification Heat 2016 1,311 0.06 361 0.01 20 0.01
Biogas from sewage water purification Heat 2017 1,285 0.06 259 0.01 15 0.01
Biogas from sewage water purification Transport 2015
Biogas from sewage water purification Transport 2016
Biogas from sewage water purification Transport 2017
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Total energy applications 2015 4,291 0.21 5,910 0.19 428 0.26
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Total energy applications 2016 4,194 0.20 5,642 0.18 392 0.23
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Total energy applications 2017 4,084 0.19 5,338 0.17 364 0.22
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Electricity 2015 1,992 0.10 4,413 0.14 344 0.21
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Electricity 2016 1,887 0.09 4,045 0.13 302 0.18
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Electricity 2017 1,832 0.09 3,768 0.12 275 0.17
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Heat 2015 2,300 0.11 1,497 0.05 85 0.05
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Heat 2016 2,306 0.11 1,597 0.05 90 0.05
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Heat 2017 2,252 0.11 1,570 0.05 89 0.05
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Transport 2015
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Transport 2016
Biogas, co-digestion of manure Transport 2017
Other biogas Total energy applications 2015 4,277 0.21 4,615 0.15 310 0.19
Other biogas Total energy applications 2016 4,016 0.19 4,526 0.14 298 0.18
Other biogas Total energy applications 2017 4,130 0.20 4,526 0.14 292 0.18
Other biogas Electricity 2015 1,153 0.06 2,183 0.07 170 0.10
Other biogas Electricity 2016 1,174 0.06 2,138 0.07 159 0.10
Other biogas Electricity 2017 1,123 0.05 1,914 0.06 140 0.08
Other biogas Heat 2015 2,958 0.14 2,262 0.07 128 0.08
Other biogas Heat 2016 2,667 0.13 2,209 0.07 125 0.07
Other biogas Heat 2017 2,788 0.13 2,381 0.08 135 0.08
Other biogas Transport 2015 166 0.01 170 0.01 13 0.01
Other biogas Transport 2016 174 0.01 178 0.01 13 0.01
Other biogas Transport 2017 218 0.01 230 0.01 17 0.01
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Total energy applications 2015 13,315 0.64 13,315 0.43 845 0.51
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Total energy applications 2016 10,435 0.50 10,435 0.33 693 0.42
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Total energy applications 2017 13,483 0.64 13,483 0.43 935 0.57
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Electricity 2015
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Electricity 2016
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Electricity 2017
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Heat 2015 923 0.04 923 0.03 65 0.04
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Heat 2016 718 0.03 718 0.02 55 0.03
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Heat 2017 1,022 0.05 1,022 0.03 78 0.05
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Transport 2015 12,392 0.60 12,392 0.40 780 0.47
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Transport 2016 9,718 0.46 9,718 0.31 638 0.38
Liquid biofuels for transport, total Transport 2017 12,461 0.59 12,461 0.39 856 0.52
Biogasoline Total energy applications 2015 5,950 0.29 5,950 0.19 323 0.19
Biogasoline Total energy applications 2016 4,752 0.23 4,752 0.15 257 0.15
Biogasoline Total energy applications 2017 5,399 0.25 5,399 0.17 314 0.19
Biogasoline Electricity 2015
Biogasoline Electricity 2016
Biogasoline Electricity 2017
Biogasoline Heat 2015
Biogasoline Heat 2016
Biogasoline Heat 2017
Biogasoline Transport 2015 5,950 0.29 5,950 0.19 323 0.19
Biogasoline Transport 2016 4,752 0.23 4,752 0.15 257 0.15
Biogasoline Transport 2017 5,399 0.25 5,399 0.17 314 0.19
Biodiesel Total energy applications 2015 7,365 0.36 7,365 0.24 522 0.31
Biodiesel Total energy applications 2016 5,683 0.27 5,683 0.18 436 0.26
Biodiesel Total energy applications 2017 8,084 0.38 8,084 0.26 620 0.38
Biodiesel Electricity 2015
Biodiesel Electricity 2016
Biodiesel Electricity 2017
Biodiesel Heat 2015 923 0.04 923 0.03 65 0.04
Biodiesel Heat 2016 718 0.03 718 0.02 55 0.03
Biodiesel Heat 2017 1,022 0.05 1,022 0.03 78 0.05
Biodiesel Transport 2015 6,442 0.31 6,442 0.21 457 0.27
Biodiesel Transport 2016 4,966 0.24 4,966 0.16 381 0.23
Biodiesel Transport 2017 7,062 0.33 7,062 0.22 542 0.33
Source: CBS.
Explanation of symbols

Table explanation


Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, biomass and heat from outdoor air. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.

This table expresses the use of renewable energy in three ways:
1. Gross final consumption
2. Avoided use of fossil energy
3. Avoided emissions of carbon dioxide
Figures are presented in an absolute way, as wel as related to the total energy use or total emissions of carbon dioxide in the Netherlands.

Avoiding the use of fossil energy and avoiding emissions of carbon dioxide are important underlying aims for stimulation the use of renewable energy.

The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into application (electricity, heat and transport).

Data available from:
1990 to 2019, annually

Status of the figures:
This table contains definite figures until 2018 and revised provisional for 2019.
Since this table is discontinued, the figures will not become definite.

Changes as of February 2021:
None; this table is discontinued

When will new figures be published?
No longer applicable.

This table is succeeded by Renewable energy; final use and Avoided use of fossil energy and emission of CO2. See section 3.

Description topics

Gross final consumption renewable energy
Gross final consumption of renewable energy follows the definition from the EU directive for renewable energy from 2009. It is calculated as the sum of three parts:
1. Gross production of electricity from renewable sources
2. Gross production of sold heat from renewable sources
3. Final consumption of energy from the earth, outdoor air, the sun and biomass.
Unsold heat from renewable sources (for example wood stoves in households) is included in final consumption of renewable energy.
Imports and exports of green electricity is not included.
Final consumption
In this table, the unit TeraJoule (TJ) is used. This equals 1,000,000,000,000 joules (10 to the power of 12). A joule is a unit of energy equivalent to 0.24 calories. A TJ is equivalent to 31 600 cubic meters of natural gas or 278 000 kilowatt-hours of electricity.
Final consumption relative
Gross final consumption of renewable energy as percentage of total gross final energetic energy consumption, calculated according the definitions from the EU directive on renewable energy from 2009. Total gross final energetic energy consumption is the sum of three parts:
1. Energetic final use of the end use sectors manufacturing industry (excluding refineries), households, services, agriculture, fishing and transport.
2. Distribution losses of electricity and heat
3. Own use of electricity and heat by the producers of electricity and sold heat.
Avoided use of fossil energy
The avoided use of fossil primary energy is the amount of fossil (and nuclear) energy that would have been used if renewable energy was not
used.
The avoided use of fossil primary energy is the sum of:
1. The avoided use of fossil primary energy by the domestic production of electricity, heat and gas from renewable sources.
2. The avoided use of fossil energy by the biofuels for road transport sold on the domestic market.
Imports and exports of green electricity is not included.
Avoided energy
In this table, the unit TeraJoule (TJ) is used. This equals 1,000,000,000,000 joules (10 to the power of 12). A joule is a unit of energy equivalent to 0.24 calories. A TJ is equivalent to 31 600 cubic meters of natural gas or 278 000 kilowatt-hours of electricity.
Avoided energy relative
Primary energy equivalents as percentage of the total domestic energy consumption. Total domestic energy consumption is defined as the supply of energy (primary production plus imports) minus the flows that leave the country (exports, bunkers for international transport) plus or minus stock changes.
Avoided carbon dioxide emission
The amount of carbon dioxide that is emitted if no use is made of renewable energy technology. The amount of carbon dioxide is calculated in accordance with the methodology of the Protocol Monitoring Renewable Energy (AgentschapNL, 2010). It covers domestic production of renewable electricity, heat and gas. Imports of green electricity is not included.
This methodology only considers the avoided emission by the use of the renewable energy at the final stage: production of renewable electricity, heat and gas. The earlier stages are not included. For biofuels for road transport greenhouse gas emissions of the earlier stages may be substantial. Therefore, for these biofuels no avoided CO2 emissions are published.
Avoided emission
1 kton = 1,000 ton = 1 million kg.
Avoided emission relative
Avoided emission of carbon dioxide as percentage of the total Dutch CO2 emission according to the IPCC guidelines (Kyoto Protocol).

CO2 emission figures are provisional.