GDP, output and expenditures; changes, QNA, 1995-2017
Explanation of symbols
Table explanation
This table provides data from Quarterly National Accounts (QNA) of Statistics The Netherlands. It contains quarterly and annual data on production, expenditures, income and external economic transactions of The Netherlands.
The above mentioned macroeconomic variables are presented in:
- Percentage volume changes on corresponding quarter of previous year.
- Percentage volume changes on previous period.
- Percentage value changes on corresponding quarter of previous year.
- Percentage value changes on previous period.
- Percentage price changes on corresponding quarter of previous year.
Data available from: 1995 first quarter up to and including 2018 first quarter.
Status of the figures:
The figures of the period 1995-2014 are final. Data of 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are provisional. Since this table has been discontinued, data will not become final.
Changes as of June 22nd 2018:
None. This table has been discontinued.
Statistics Netherlands has carried out a revision of the national accounts. New statistical sources and estimation methods have been used during the revision. Therefore this table has been replaced by table GDP, output and expenditures; changes, Quarterly National Accounts. For further information see section 3.
When will new figures be published?
Not applicable anymore.
Description topics
- Expenditure approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called expenditure approach. In this approach the components are consumption by households, consumption by the general government, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports, minus imports. Changes in inventories are included for consistency with the production approach. From the 2010 edition of the European System of Accounts onwards these changes are added to fixed capital formation. Consumption, fixed capital formation and changes in inventories add up to the so-called national final expenditure. By adding exports final expenditure is obtained. Intermediate consumption, goods and services used upon production, is not part of final expenditure.
- Disposable for final expenditure
- The total amount of domestic generated goods and services (GDP) and the imported goods and services are adding up to the disposable for final expenditure. This variable is by definition equal to the total final expenditure, which is the sum of the National final expenditure and theexports of goods and services.
- Total
- Gross domestic product
- Gross domestic product (GDP) is a quantity that expresses the size of an economy. The volume change of GDP during a reference period expresses the growth or shrinkage of the economy. Gross domestic product at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units. It can be defined in three ways:
- production approach: GDP is the sum of gross value added of the various institutional sectors or the various industries plus taxes and less subsidies on products (which are not allocated to sectors and industries). It is also the balancing item in the total economy production account;
- expenditure approach: GDP is the sum of final uses of goods and services by resident institutional units (final consumption and gross capital formation), plus exports and minus imports of goods and services;
- income approach: GDP is the sum of uses in the total economy generation of income account (compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, gross operating surplus and mixed income of the total economy).
Net domestic product at market prices (NDP) can be obtained by deducting consumption of fixed capital from GDP.
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year’s Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- Final expenditure
- The sum of the National final expenditure and the exports of goods and services. This variable is by definition equal to the disposable final expenditure (GDP and imports).
- National final expenditure
- The sum of the consumption of households and the government, gross fixed capital formation and changes in inventories.
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.
The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licences.- Total
- Enterprises and households
- Gross fixed capital formation of (financial or non-financial) corporations and households including non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs). Fixed capital formation by households concerns houses, but also investments by the self-employed.
- General government
- Gross fixed capital formation of the sector general government. Fixed capital formation by the general government concerns e.g. investments in public infrastructure, research and development and weapon systems.
- Production approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called production approach. In this approach GDP equals the sum of value added over all branches (including non-commercial ones). Value added is thereby registered at basic prices. GDP at market prices is obtained by adding taxes less subsidies on production and the difference between imputed and paid VAT. The included taxes and subsidies apply both to produced and imported goods and services. Examples of these are VAT and taxes on import.
- Value added basic prices
- The value of all goods and services produced (production value or output), minus those that have been intermediately used upon production (intermediate consumption). Value added is rated at basic prices: purchaser's prices minus trade and transport margins and taxes on products paid and plus subsidies on products received. Intermediate consumption is rated at purchaser's prices minus non-deductible VAT.
Included is the output by all kind-of-activity units residing in the Netherlands, also those that are held by foreign owners.
Net value added can be obtained by deducting consumption of fixed capital from gross value added.- A-F Agriculture and industry
- This category is made up of the categories:
A Agriculture, forestry and fishing
B Mining and quarrying
C Manufacturing
D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F Construction- A Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- G-N Commercial services
- Commercial services
This category is made up of the categories:
G Wholesale and retail trade
H Transportation and storage
I Accommodation and food serving
J Information and communication
K Financial institutions
L Renting and buying and selling of real estate
M Consultancy, research and other specialised business services
N Renting and leasing of tangible goods and other business support services- J Information and communication
- Information and communication
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year’s Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- Income approach to GDP
- The way GDP is formed by underlying components in the so-called income approach. In this approach the components are the incomes generated from production activities: compensation of employees and operating surplus / mixed income. To remain consistent with GDP at market prices, taxes less subsidies on production and imports (not necessarily product-related) are added.
- GDP, working days adjusted
- Growth of the gross domestic products,. adjusted for working days effects. The number of working days in corresponding quarters of successive years may differ due to a leap day, due to an unequal number of holidays that take place in a weekend (e.g. New Year’s Day) or because of a holiday shift from one quarter to another (e.g. Easter Monday). The effect of an additional working day on the economic growth adds up to 0.2 to 0.3 percentage points.
- National net lending or net borrowing
- The calculation of the national net lending or net borrowing starting with gross domestic product (GDP). The national financing balance (net lending or net borrowing) is the balance of resources and expenditure on the current account and the capital account of the joint domestic sectors. In the financial account the balance gives the amount new loans are entered into with financial assets abroad and/or are sold (at a deficit) or for any amount to be repaid debts abroad and/or financial assets are purchased (at a surplus). In theory net lending or borrowing equals the change in assets less liabilities. In practice a statistical difference between the two remains.
- Surplus of the nation on income approach
- The approach of net lending or net borrowing through the surplus of national income.
- Gross capital formation (-)
- Gross capital formation consists of:
- gross fixed capital formation
- changes in inventories
- acquisitions less disposals of valuables
- Additional details
- The additional details of some variables in the previous parts of this table are being given in this section.
- Final consumption expenditure
- Expenditure on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual or collective needs. Expenses may be made at home or abroad, but they are always made by resident institutional units, that is households or institutions residing in the Netherlands. By definition only households, non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) and government institutions consume. Enterprises do not: expenses they make on goods and services are thought to serve production and are therefore classified as intermediate consumption of fixed capital formation. The general government is a special case. The government also has intermediate consumption, just like enterprises. But the output delivered by the government which is not directly paid for, non-market output (like safety), is classified as consumption by the general government. It is said that the government ‘consumes its own production’. The system of national accounts demands that all that is produced is also consumed (or serves as an investment). By convention, government output is consumed by the government itself. This is not the only consumption by the general government. It also contains social transfers in kind. In the Netherlands this mainly concerns health care bills paid for by the government and an allowance for the rent.
- Expenditure classification
- This classification focuses on the expenses for consumption goods and services. The total final consumptions is divided to sectors which actually financed the consumption expenditures.
- Households including NPISHs
- Consumption expenditure by households and non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs). Not all expenses made by households are seen as consumptive, households may invest as well. These investments mainly concern the purchase of houses and substantial costs on maintenance. Small costs on maintenance, indoor painting and the purchase of furniture is classified as consumption. This also applies to the purchase of cars and car maintenance.
- Consumption non-residents in Netherlands
- Final consumption by non-residents in the Netherlands.
- Gross fixed capital formation
- Expenditure on produced assets that are used in a production process for more than one year. This may concern a building, dwelling, transport equipment or a machine. This in contrast with goods and services which are used up during the production process, the so-called intermediate use (e.g. iron ore). Fixed capital does lose value over time as a result of normal wear and tear and obsolescence. This is called consumption of fixed capital (also called depreciation). The value of fixed capital formation in which the consumption of fixed capital is not deducted is called gross fixed capital formation. Deduction of the consumption of fixed capital results in net fixed capital formation.
The following types of fixed assets exist: dwellings and other buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, weapon systems (included in machinery and equipment), computers, software, telecommunication equipment, research and development, cultivated biological resources, mineral exploration and evaluation, and costs of ownership transfer on non-produced assets, like land, contracts, leases and licences.- By type of fixed assets
- Gross fixed capital formation by type of capital goods
- Total gross fixed capital formation
- By economic activity of destination
- Gross fixed capital formation by economic activity of destination
- Total gross fixed capital formation
- Fixed assets from production and imports
- Fixed assets from production and imports.
- A Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- Agriculture, forestry and fishing
- Exports by groups of products
- Exports by groups of products in according to standard products classification CPA 2008.
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing products
- Products of agriculture, forestry and fishing
- Consumption non-residents in Netherlands
- Final consumption by non-resident in the Netherlands.
- Exports of services
- Transactions in services (sales, barter and gifts) from residents (in the Netherlands) to non-residents. Exports of goods occurs when economic ownership of goods is passed from residents to non-residents. Exports of services include among others the following cases: transportation by resident carriers abroad, harbour services and ship maintenance to non-residents, works performed abroad by resident contractors. Expenses made in the Netherlands by foreign tourists, diplomats and cross-border workers.
- Consumption non-residents in Netherlands
- Final consumption by non-residents in the Netherlands.
- Imports by groups of products
- Imports by groups of products in according to standard products classification CPA 2008.
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing products
- Products of agriculture, forestry and fishing