Investment climate; capital international comparison 1990-2011
| Countries | Periods | Capital stock Capital stock, total (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Capital stock ICT capital stock (% of total capital stock) | Investments Investment quote business sector (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments ICT investments ICT investments, total (% of total investments) | Investments Venture capital investments Venture capital investment, total (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments Venture capital investments Venture capital investment, early phase (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments Venture capital investments Venture capital investment, follow-on ph (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments Foreign capital investments FDI, inflow (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments Foreign capital investments FDI, outflow (% of Gross Domestic Product) | Investments Foreign capital investments FDI, balance (outflow - inflow) (% of Gross Domestic Product) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | 2011 | . | . | 19.4 | . | . | . | . | 4.4 | 1.1 | -3.4 |
| Austria | 2011 | . | . | 15.0 | . | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 3.4 | 7.3 | 3.9 |
| Belgium | 2011 | . | . | 13.3 | . | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 17.4 | 13.8 | -3.6 |
| Canada | 2011 | . | . | 14.4 | . | . | . | . | 2.4 | 2.9 | 0.5 |
| Czech Republic | 2011 | . | . | . | . | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.5 | 0.5 | -2.0 |
| Denmark | 2011 | . | . | 10.6 | . | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 4.5 | 7.1 | 2.7 |
| Finland | 2011 | . | . | 10.3 | . | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.06 | . | 2.0 | . |
| France | 2011 | . | . | 10.8 | . | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 1.8 |
| Germany | 2011 | . | . | 11.7 | . | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.4 |
| Hungary | 2011 | . | . | 17.7 | . | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.4 | 3.3 | -0.1 |
| Ireland | 2011 | . | . | 5.3 | . | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 5.3 | . | . |
| Italy | 2011 | . | . | . | . | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 0.8 |
| Japan | 2011 | . | . | 13.6 | . | . | . | . | . | 1.9 | . |
| The Netherlands | 2011 | . | . | 10.1 | . | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 2.0 | 3.8 | 1.8 |
| Poland | 2011 | . | . | . | . | 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 2.9 | 1.1 | -1.8 |
| South Korea | 2011 | . | . | 18.6 | . | . | . | . | 0.4 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
| Spain | 2011 | . | . | . | . | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 0.5 |
| Sweden | 2011 | . | . | 11.8 | . | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 2.7 |
| United Kingdom | 2011 | . | . | 8.5 | . | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 2.2 |
| United States | 2011 | . | . | 10.7 | . | . | . | . | 1.6 | 2.8 | 1.2 |
| EU-15 | 2011 | . | . | . | . | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.07 | . | 3.2 | . |
| OECD | 2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1.8 | 2.8 | 1.0 |
| Source: CBS. | |||||||||||
Table explanation
This table shows the international developments in the capital stock and the investments. Beside the picture of the total economy, a category has been made for ICT (information and communication technology). The table is related both to the physical capital stock and its renewal or extension by means of (foreign) capital investments, and to the money that is necessary to finance the investments, in particular the venture capital. The scope of the capital and the investments in a country are mainly defined by the propensity of entrepreneurs to invest. Investment behaviour is partly defined by the investment climate.
Note:
Comparable definitions are used to compare the figures presented internationally. The definitions sometimes differ from definitions used by Statistics Netherlands. The figures in this table could differ from Dutch figures presented elsewhere on the website of Statistics Netherlands.
Data available from 1990 up to 2012.
Status of the figures:
The external source of these data frequently supplies adjusted figures on preceding periods. For example, it often happens that countries still provide figures on older years. The reverse, older figures being withdrawn, also happens now and then. These adjusted data are not mentioned as such in the table.
Changes as of 22 December 2017:
No, table is stopped.
When will new figures be published?
Not.
Description topics
- Capital stock
- Real fixed capital stock, excluding dwellings.
The total current value of the physical (fixed) capital stock that is used in the production process. It is the total value of the cumulated (combined) investments in the capital stock, including the depreciations.
Source: EU KLEMS.- Capital stock, total
- ICT capital stock
- Gross fixed capital stock in the categories 'IT equipment', 'Communication equipment' and 'Software'. The figures used do not include the investments in cable networks and machinery to support these cable networks by communication companies.
- Investments
- Additions to the capital stock, whether or not to replace depreciated or closed down parts of the capital stock.
- Investment quote business sector
- Gross fixed capital formation by enterprises, excluding dwellings, divided by the Gross Domestic Product. 'Gross' in fixed capital formation means here that the value of investments is corrected for price developments and inflation. This also applies to real gross domestic product. 'Gross' in fixed capital formation means here that it is the total value of the cumulated (combined) investments in the capital stock, including the depreciations.
Source: OECD, Economic Outlook No. 87.
- ICT investments
- Nominal gross investments in information and communication technology (ICT) as a percentage of total investment. 'Gross' means that it is the total value of the cumulated (combined) investments, including the depreciations.
Source: EU KLEMS.- ICT investments, total
- Venture capital investments
- Venture capital made available to companies not quoted on the stock exchange to finance activities in various stages of the enterprise. The data have been divided in two groups: the early phase ('seed' and 'start-up') and the follow-on phase ('expansion' and 'replacement').
Source: Eurostat, Structural Indicators.- Venture capital investment, total
- Venture capital investment, early phase
- The early phase includes the 'seed' and 'start-up' phases. 'Seed' money means financing research, evaluating and developing the business case prior to the start. 'Start-up' money means financing product development and the first activities in marketing, production and sales.
Source: Eurostat, Structural Indicators.
- Venture capital investment, follow-on ph
- The follow-on phase includes 'expansion' and 'replacement'. 'Expansion' means financing the extension of production capacity and further product and market development and/or additional working capital. 'Replacement' means buying existing shares in a company. Refinancing debts to a bank is also included.
Source: Eurostat, Structural Indicators.
- Foreign capital investments
- Foreign direct investments (FDI) are defined as a direct investment of money by a natural or legal person in a company of another economy with the intention of acquiring a permanent interest. FDI can be divided into: capital shares (in enterprises) and reinvestment of profits and other capital.
The permanent interest means that a long-term relationship between the investor and the company will develop, and the investor will have considerable influence on how the company is run. Direct investment refers to the first investment as well as subsequent transactions between both legal bodies. Absolute control by the foreign investor is not required. With a share of at least 10 percent an investor has substantial influence on a company or can take part directly in running it.
Sources: OECD, Foreign direct investment database.
Comparability: In spite of improvements in the application of international standards in recent years, methodological differences between countries still exist. A joint survey of IMF and OECD studies the degree to which the international standards are applied in the OECD countries and in about 30 non-OECD countries.- FDI, inflow
- Incoming foreign direct investments (FDI). For instance a foreign parent company investing in its Dutch daughter company.
- FDI, outflow
- Outgoing foreign direct investments (FDI). For instance a Dutch parent company investing in its foreign daughter company.
- FDI, balance (outflow - inflow)
- The balance is calculated by subtracting incoming from outgoing foreign direct investments (FDI).